Alveolar adenoma with poor imaging: a case report.

Area of Science:

• Pulmonology
• Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Alveolar adenoma is a rare, peripheral lung tumor originating from type II alveolar cells.
• Diagnosis can be challenging due to its presentation mimicking other lung malignancies.
• Accurate diagnosis relies on pathological examination and immunohistochemistry.

Observation:

• A 59-year-old female presented with imaging findings suggestive of malignant lesions in the right upper lobe.
• Chest X-ray and CT scans indicated a peripheral, solitary cystic nodule.
• The patient underwent a thoracoscopic right upper lobectomy.

Findings:

• Postoperative pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of benign alveolar adenoma.
• The tumor exhibited a network of lacunae lined by epithelium with spindle cells.
• Immunohistochemistry was crucial for definitive diagnosis.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of integrating imaging, pathology, and immunohistochemistry for diagnosing rare lung tumors like alveolar adenoma.
• Early and accurate diagnosis is vital for appropriate patient management and avoiding unnecessary aggressive treatments.
• Long-term follow-up confirmed a stable disease course with no recurrence.