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Mycoplasma pneumoniae-related hepatitis in children

Dimitri Poddighe1

  • 1Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Kerei-Zhanibek Str. 5/1, 010000, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.

Microbial Pathogenesis
|November 13, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections can affect liver function in children, though severe hepatitis is rare. This bacterium is an unusual cause of acute hepatitis, likely immune-mediated, requiring further study.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Hepatology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common human pathogen causing respiratory infections.
  • It is increasingly recognized for its role in extra-respiratory diseases.
  • Liver involvement in children following M. pneumoniae infection is not well-understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze the literature on liver involvement in children during or after M. pneumoniae infections.
  • To assess the frequency and clinical presentation of M. pneumoniae-associated hepatitis in pediatric populations.
  • To discuss the potential immune-mediated pathogenesis of M. pneumoniae-related liver injury.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search for studies reporting liver involvement in children with M. pneumoniae infection.
  • Analysis of clinical data and case reports.
  • Review of proposed pathogenetic mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • M. pneumoniae is frequently associated with altered liver function in children.
  • Acute and severe hepatitis caused by M. pneumoniae is rare in this population.
  • M. pneumoniae should be considered a potential cause of acute hepatitis after excluding common hepatotropic viruses.

Conclusions:

  • M. pneumoniae is an uncommon but possible cause of acute hepatitis in children.
  • The pathogenesis is likely immune-mediated, involving both innate and adaptive immunity.
  • Further clinical research is necessary to fully elucidate the role and mechanisms of M. pneumoniae in pediatric liver disease.
Keywords:
ChildrenCholestasisExtra-pulmonary manifestationsHepatitisImmune-mediated disorders.Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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