Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 3, 2026

10:36
Vascularized Composite Hand Allograft Procurement and Preparation for Distal and Proximal Forearm Allotransplantation: A Stepwise Approach
Published on: May 23, 2025
701
Bypass surgery in a mangled forearm using an intramedullary tunnel through the radius.
Freek van 't Land1, Berry Cleffken2, Bram Fioole1
1Department of Vascular Surgery, Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Journal of Vascular Surgery
|November 16, 2019
Summary
Critical upper extremity ischemia is rare, with surgical bypass as the preferred treatment. This case highlights a novel intramedullary tunnel bypass when standard routes were unavailable, offering a new surgical option.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Surgery
- Reconstructive Surgery
Background:
- Critical ischemia of the upper extremity is an uncommon yet severe condition.
- Surgical bypass is the established treatment of choice for limb salvage.
Observation:
- A rare case of critical upper extremity ischemia presented with anatomical challenges.
- Standard surgical bypass tunneling options were not feasible in this patient.
Findings:
- An innovative intramedullary tunnel bypass technique was successfully employed.
- This intramedullary approach provided a viable conduit for revascularization.
Implications:
- This case demonstrates the adaptability of bypass surgery in complex anatomical scenarios.
- Intramedullary tunneling may represent a valuable alternative for upper extremity revascularization when conventional methods fail.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius
4.4K
The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a...
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a...
4.4K
Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna
4.0K
The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
4.0K
Arteries of the Upper Limbs
2.0K
The subclavian artery transitions into the axillary artery as it exits the chest and enters the axillary region. This artery is critical for supplying blood to the shoulder area, including the head of the humerus, through the humeral circumflex arteries. As the vessel continues into the upper arm or brachium, it becomes the brachial artery. This artery plays a key role in vascularizing the brachial region and bifurcates at the elbow into several branches. These branches include the deep...
2.0K
Muscles that Move the Forearm
3.6K
The muscles that move the forearms can be divided into four groups: forearm flexors, forearm extensors, forearm pronators, and forearm supinators. The flexors and extensors act on the elbow joint, while the pronators and supinators act on the radioulnar joints.
Forearm Flexors
The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis are forearm flexors. The biceps brachii is made up of two heads. Its long head originates at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, whereas that of the short head is...
Forearm Flexors
The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis are forearm flexors. The biceps brachii is made up of two heads. Its long head originates at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, whereas that of the short head is...
3.6K
Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus
6.7K
The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
6.7K

