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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

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Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
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Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

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Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
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Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

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Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
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Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

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IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular...
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Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management01:28

Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management

269
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a condition where the mitral valve does not close properly, leading to the backward flow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium during systole. This condition can arise from various causes, including rheumatic fever, infective endocarditis, or degenerative valve disease. Effective nursing management is crucial to optimizing patient outcomes and involves comprehensive assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed...
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Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

325
Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 3, 2026

Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure
07:41

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[Para valvular leak closure in TAVI].

B Gérardin1, D Champagnac2, G Smolka3

  • 1Hôpital Marie-Lannelongue, Le-Plessis-Robinson, 92350 France.

Annales De Cardiologie Et D'Angeiologie
|November 18, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Transcatheter closure of paravalvular cardiac leaks after transcatheter aortic valve implantation is feasible and effective. This study shows successful closure of leaks using vascular plugs, leading to asymptomatic patients.

Keywords:
Cardiac paravalvular leak closure (PVLC)Fermeture des fuites para valvulaires cardiaquesTrans aortic valve implantation (TAVI)Trans aortic valve replacement (TAVR)

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a common procedure for aortic stenosis.
  • Symptomatic paravalvular leaks (PVL) after TAVI can occur and may require intervention.
  • Literature on transcatheter closure of PVL after TAVI is limited.

Observation:

  • Two clinical cases of PVL closure after TAVI using different valve types (Edwards Sapien 3, Medtronic Evolut R) are presented.
  • Preliminary results from 7 PVL closure procedures in a prospective registry (2017-2018) are reported.
  • Vascular plugs (Abbott Amplatzer Vascular Plugs 2, 3, 4) and a VSD occluder were used for closure.

Findings:

  • All 7 procedures were successful without complications.
  • One-month follow-up showed all patients were asymptomatic.
  • One-year follow-up in 4 patients revealed 3 were symptom-free; one required a subsequent TAVI-in-TAVI procedure for an untreated leak.

Implications:

  • Transcatheter PVL closure (PVLC) is a feasible, safe, and effective treatment option for symptomatic PVL after TAVI.
  • Further data from ongoing prospective studies will provide more comprehensive insights.
  • PVLC can improve patient outcomes and potentially reduce the need for re-intervention.