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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

3.7K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
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Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Genomics02:02

Genomics

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes00:58

Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes

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Eukaryotes have large genomes compared to prokaryotes. To fit their genomes into a cell, eukaryotic DNA is packaged extraordinarily tightly inside the nucleus. To achieve this, DNA is tightly wound around proteins called histones, which are packaged into nucleosomes that are joined by linker DNA and coil into chromatin fibers. Additional fibrous proteins further compact the chromatin, which is recognizable as chromosomes during certain phases of cell division.
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DNA Microarrays02:34

DNA Microarrays

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Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...
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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
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Pattern-based Search of Epigenomic Data Using GeNemo
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The ENCODE Portal as an Epigenomics Resource.

Jennifer Jou1, Idan Gabdank1, Yunhai Luo1

  • 1Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California.

Current Protocols in Bioinformatics
|November 22, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) portal offers a vast collection of genomic data for human and mouse genomes. This resource provides researchers with unrestricted access to functional element data and analysis tools.

Keywords:
ENCODEdatabaseepigeneticshuman genomeregulatory elements

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Epigenomics

Background:

  • The ENCODE project aims to map functional elements in the human and mouse genomes.
  • Genomic data is crucial for understanding gene regulation and cellular function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive, publicly accessible repository of genomic data.
  • To facilitate the exploration and analysis of functional genomic elements.

Main Methods:

  • Hosting over 500 TB of raw and processed data from diverse genomic assays.
  • Implementing a detailed metadata model for experiment and data tracking.
  • Offering web-based and programmatic (REST API) access to data.

Main Results:

  • The ENCODE portal stores data from over 15,000 experiments.
  • Data covers gene expression, DNA accessibility, binding, methylation, and chromatin structure.
  • Unrestricted access to data, metadata, visualization, and download capabilities is provided.

Conclusions:

  • The ENCODE portal serves as a vital resource for the scientific community.
  • It enables broad access to functional genomics data for research and discovery.