Dual-Band Dual-Polarized Wearable Button Array With Miniaturized Radiator

Area of Science:

• * Electrical Engineering
• * Antenna Design
• * Wireless Communications

Background:

• * Wearable antennas are crucial for emerging wireless applications like the Internet of Things (IoT).
• * Existing wearable antennas often face challenges with size, user comfort, and performance.
• * There is a need for compact, efficient antennas covering key communication bands.

Purpose of the Study:

• * To propose a novel miniaturized button radiator topology for a dual-band, dual-polarized wearable antenna.
• * To evaluate the antenna's performance for 5th generation (5G) IoT and wireless local area network (WLAN) bands.
• * To investigate the antenna's robustness with asymmetrical ground planes and analyze its diversity and specific absorption rate (SAR) performance.

Main Methods:

• * Design and simulation of a miniaturized button radiator antenna.
• * Fabrication and measurement of a two-element button array prototype.
• * Analysis of mutual coupling, envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), and specific absorption rate (SAR).
• * Modeling of a 10-element array within a 3-D channel model considering radiation patterns.

Main Results:

• * The proposed button antenna is the smallest reported to date (19.5 mm diameter).
• * Achieved operational bands cover 4.50-4.61 GHz (5G IoT) and 5.04-5.50 GHz (WLAN).
• * Demonstrated low mutual coupling (< -18 dB between elements, < -20 dB within element ports).
• * Measurement results closely matched simulation data.
• * High achievable spectral efficiency was obtained for a 10-element array.

Conclusions:

• * The miniaturized button radiator offers a comfortable and effective solution for wearable antenna applications.
• * The antenna design supports dual-band and dual-polarization requirements for modern wireless systems.
• * The study validates the antenna's performance and robustness for practical deployment in 5G and WLAN scenarios.