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Expanded programme on immunization.

K Keja1, C Chan, G Hayden

  • 1EPI, World Health Organization, Geneva.

World Health Statistics Quarterly. Rapport Trimestriel De Statistiques Sanitaires Mondiales
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
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The Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) significantly increased global childhood vaccination rates, preventing millions of disease cases and deaths. Despite challenges, EPI achieved major public health successes, though continued efforts are needed.

Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Public Health Policy
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) was launched in 1974 to bolster worldwide immunization efforts.
  • A 1977 goal aimed for universal access to vaccines against diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, poliomyelitis, measles, and tuberculosis by 1990.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact and challenges of the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI).
  • To evaluate the progress of global immunization coverage and disease incidence reduction.

Main Methods:

  • The study reviews historical data on immunization coverage and disease incidence.
  • It analyzes challenges faced by the EPI, including awareness, management, and logistics.

Main Results:

Keywords:
Communicable Disease ControlDelivery Of Health CareDemographic FactorsDemographic ImpactDeveloping CountriesEvaluationHealthHealth ServicesImmunizationInternational AgenciesMedicineOrganization And AdministrationOrganizationsPopulationPopulation DynamicsPreventive MedicinePrimary Health CareProgram EvaluationProgramsProgress ReportPublic HealthQualitative EvaluationUnWhoWorld

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  • Childhood immunization coverage in developing countries rose from under 5% to over 50% for DPT and polio vaccines.
  • Millions of cases of target diseases were prevented, with over 700,000 measles deaths averted in 1987.
  • Maternal immunization is reducing neonatal tetanus, and polio eradication efforts are advancing.

Conclusions:

  • The EPI represents a significant public health achievement, demonstrating the power of global vaccination programs.
  • Despite successes, ongoing challenges necessitate continued investment and strategic improvements in immunization programs worldwide.