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HEARING LOSS AMONG ADOLESCENTS ON ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY: A NEED FOR PERIODIC HEARING ASSESSMENT
A J Fasunla1,2, S A Ogunkeyede1,3, S O Afolabi2
11Department of Otorhinolaryngology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan.
Annals of Ibadan Postgraduate Medicine
|November 27, 2019
Summary
Hearing loss affects 20.6% of adolescents with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Lower nadir CD4 counts and higher viral loads are associated with impaired hearing thresholds in these patients.
Area of Science:
- Audiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Adolescents with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) often have compromised immune systems, indicated by low CD4 T cell counts.
- Despite viral suppression achieved with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), some HIV-positive adolescents develop significant hearing loss.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between hearing thresholds and CD4 T cell counts in adolescents with HIV receiving HAART.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 63 adolescents on HAART.
- Pure tone audiometry was performed to determine hearing thresholds.
- Clinical data, including CD4 counts, viral load, HAART regimen, and treatment duration, were collected and correlated with hearing thresholds using statistical analysis (univariate and multivariate logistic regression).
Main Results:
- Hearing loss, predominantly sensorineural, was identified in 20.6% of the adolescent participants.
- A significant association was found between hearing thresholds, nadir CD4 count, and viral load.
- No significant association was observed with gender, current CD4 count, current viral load, HAART regimen, or treatment duration.
Conclusions:
- The high prevalence of hearing impairment in HIV-infected adolescents on HAART suggests a potential link to the disease or its treatment.
- Periodic hearing evaluations should be incorporated into the routine clinical care of HIV-infected adolescents undergoing HAART.
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