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[Preservative allergy : An enduring issue].

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This summary is machine-generated.

Contact sensitization to cosmetic preservatives like methylisothiazolinone (MI) has decreased since 2014. Other preservatives such as phenoxyethanol rarely cause allergies and are recommended for cosmetic use.

Keywords:
Contact sensitizationHypersensitivityMethylisothiazolinoneParabensPatch testing

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Cosmetic Science

Background:

  • Preservatives in cosmetics are common causes of allergic contact dermatitis.
  • Dermatitis patients undergo patch testing to identify sensitizing agents.
  • Exposure patterns to cosmetic preservatives have evolved over time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of contact sensitization to various cosmetic preservatives.
  • To analyze trends in preservative sensitization over a decade.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of data from the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK).
  • Data collected between 2009 and 2018.
  • Evaluation of patch test results for different preservatives.

Main Results:

  • Methylisothiazolinone (MI) sensitization peaked in 2013 and declined thereafter.
  • Increased patch test concentration of methyldibromo glutaronitrile (MDBGN) in 2016 led to a rise in positive reactions.
  • Allergic reactions to phenoxyethanol, benzoates, benzyl alcohol, parabens, and sorbates were infrequent (<1%).

Conclusions:

  • The 'epidemic' of MI sensitization is subsiding in Central Europe due to usage restrictions.
  • Higher MDBGN test concentrations may cause false-positive reactions.
  • Phenoxyethanol, benzoates, benzyl alcohol, parabens, and sorbates are safe for cosmetic use from an allergological perspective.