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Related Concept Videos

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Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

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The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
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Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

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Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
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The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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Updated: Jan 2, 2026

Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Alveolar Periosteum and Effects of Vitamin D on Osteogenic Activity of Periosteum-derived Cells
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Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Alveolar Periosteum and Effects of Vitamin D on Osteogenic Activity of Periosteum-derived Cells

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Vitamin D and Bone.

Sylvia Christakos1, Shanshan Li2, Jessica DeLa Cruz2

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA. christak@njms.rutgers.edu.

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
|December 4, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vitamin D is crucial for bone health, regulating calcium and phosphate levels. Its active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, ensures skeletal homeostasis by enhancing intestinal calcium absorption.

Keywords:
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3BoneCalcium homeostasisIntestineKidneyVitamin D metabolism

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Bone Biology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Vitamin D is essential for mineral and skeletal homeostasis.
  • Deficiency leads to rickets, osteomalacia, and fracture risk.
  • 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), via the vitamin D receptor (VDR), mediates vitamin D's actions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the production and actions of 1,25(OH)2D3.
  • To explain the role of 1,25(OH)2D3/VDR signaling in mineral homeostasis and skeletal health.
  • To discuss the impact of vitamin D status on bone health.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of current understanding.
  • Summary of established physiological mechanisms.
  • Discussion of clinical implications of vitamin D status.

Main Results:

  • 1,25(OH)2D3 is the active form of vitamin D, regulating calcium and phosphate.
  • VDR mutations cause severe rickets, highlighting the importance of 1,25(OH)2D3/VDR signaling.
  • 1,25(OH)2D3 primarily increases intestinal calcium absorption for bone mineralization.

Conclusions:

  • 1,25(OH)2D3 is vital for maintaining skeletal homeostasis.
  • Actions on the intestine, kidney, and bone are critical for calcium regulation.
  • Adequate vitamin D status is essential for overall bone health.