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Related Concept Videos

Depressants01:28

Depressants

339
Depressant drugs, including alcohol and sedative-hypnotics, diminish central nervous system activity by enhancing the action of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that reduces brain activity and promotes relaxation. These substances can have various therapeutic uses but also pose significant risks, especially when misused or combined.
Alcohol is a common depressant that can induce a sense of relaxation and reduced inhibition at low doses. Contrary to its occasional...
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CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine01:27

CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine

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Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
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Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation01:13

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

782
Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...
782
Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking01:17

Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking

724
Somnambulism, commonly known as sleepwalking, involves individuals engaging in activities ranging from simple walking to more complex behaviors such as driving. Sleepwalking typically occurs during the slow-wave sleep stages 3 and 4 early in the night when the person is not dreaming, contradicting the myth that sleepwalkers are acting out their dreams.
Factors that increase the likelihood of sleepwalking include sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption. Contrary to common beliefs, it is safe...
724
Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents01:17

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

452
Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
452
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

343
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
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Disruption of Frontal Lobe Neural Synchrony During Cognitive Control by Alcohol Intoxication
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Alcohol-Induced Sleepiness and Memory Function.

Timothy Roehrs1, Thomas Roth1

  • 1Timothy Roehrs, Ph.D., is director of research at the Sleep Disorders and Research Center of the Henry Ford Hospital and adjunct professor of psychiatry at Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan. Thomas Roth, Ph.D., is division head of the Sleep Disorders and Research Center of the Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, and adjunct professor of psychiatry at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Alcohol Health and Research World
|December 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alcohol causes sleepiness, impairing memory and performance. Combining alcohol with other sedatives may heighten these risks, increasing the potential for alcohol-related impairment.

Keywords:
AOD impairmentAODE (alcohol and other drug effects)neurotransmitterssedativessleep

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Alcohol consumption is known to cause sedative effects.
  • Alcohol impairs cognitive functions, including memory and performance.
  • Existing research suggests a link between alcohol-induced sleepiness and cognitive deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of alcohol-induced sleepiness in cognitive and performance impairments.
  • To investigate the potential synergistic effects of alcohol and other sleepiness-inducing agents on impairment risks.

Main Methods:

  • Review of independent research lines examining alcohol's effects.
  • Analysis of the relationship between alcohol's sedative properties and cognitive outcomes.
  • Theoretical implication analysis for combined substance use or conditions enhancing sleepiness.

Main Results:

  • Alcohol consumption leads to sedative effects.
  • Sleepiness induced by alcohol is implicated in memory and performance impairments.
  • A potential for increased risk of alcohol-related impairment exists when combined with other sleepiness-enhancing factors.

Conclusions:

  • Alcohol-induced sleepiness is a significant factor in cognitive and performance deficits.
  • Concurrent use of alcohol with other substances or conditions that promote sleepiness may amplify impairment risks.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for mitigating alcohol-related harm.