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Related Concept Videos

Fermi Level Dynamics01:12

Fermi Level Dynamics

606
The vacuum level denotes the energy threshold required for an electron to escape from a material surface. It is usually positioned above the conduction band of a semiconductor and acts as a benchmark for comparing electron energies within various materials.
Electron affinity in semiconductors refers to the energy gap between the minimum of its conduction band and the vacuum level and it is a critical parameter in determining how easily a semiconductor can accept additional electrons.
The work...
606
Fermi Level01:18

Fermi Level

1.5K
The Fermi-Dirac function is represented by an S-shaped curve indicating the probability of an energy state being occupied by an electron at a given temperature. The Fermi level is the energy level at which there is a fifty percent chance of finding an electron, and it is positioned between the lower-energy valence band and the higher-energy conduction band.
At absolute zero temperature, electrons fill all energy states up to the Fermi level, leaving upper states empty. As the temperature rises,...
1.5K
Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

22.2K
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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Properties of Transition Metals02:58

Properties of Transition Metals

29.1K
Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
29.1K
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

10.9K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
10.9K
Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing02:39

Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing

14.4K
Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
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Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
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Multicritical Fermi Surface Topological Transitions.

Dmitry V Efremov1, Alex Shtyk2, Andreas W Rost3,4

  • 1Department of Physics and Centre for the Science of Material, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters
|December 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Higher order singularities in quantum materials boost electron interactions and complex phases. These multicritical points, distinct from van Hove singularities, offer new pathways for designing novel quantum materials.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Materials Science

Background:

  • Complex quantum phases are often driven by electron-electron interactions.
  • Density of states peaks, such as van Hove singularities, enhance these interactions by causing Fermi surface topological transitions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize higher order singularities in quantum materials.
  • To demonstrate the potential of these singularities in driving complex quantum phases and material design.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of Fermi surface topology.
  • Identification of multicritical points at high symmetry locations in the Brillouin zone.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of higher order singularities where multiple Fermi surface leaves touch simultaneously.
  • These singularities exhibit stronger density of states divergences than canonical van Hove singularities.
  • Demonstrated application in analyzing experimental data for Sr_{3}Ru_{2}O_{7}.

Conclusions:

  • Higher order singularities are crucial for understanding and designing complex quantum phases.
  • These findings provide new mechanisms for boosting electron interactions in quantum materials.
  • Opens new avenues for targeted material design based on Fermi surface topology.