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Rashba Cavity QED: A Route Towards the Superradiant Quantum Phase Transition.

Pierre Nataf¹, Thierry Champel¹, Gianni Blatter²

¹Laboratoire de Physique et Modélisation des Milieux Condensés, Université Grenoble Alpes and CNRS, 25 avenue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble, France.

Physical Review Letters

|December 7, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We show how a 2D electron gas with spin-orbit coupling can reach a quantum phase transition. This occurs when the lowest polaritonic frequency vanishes, leading to Dicke superradiance.

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Area of Science:

Quantum physics
Condensed matter theory
Cavity quantum electrodynamics

Background:

Investigating quantum phenomena in 2D electron gases is crucial for understanding novel electronic properties.
Spin-orbit coupling and magnetic fields significantly influence electron behavior in reduced dimensions.
Cavity quantum electrodynamics provides a framework for studying light-matter interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a theoretical model for cavity quantum electrodynamics in a 2D electron gas.
To explore the effects of Rashba spin-orbit coupling and a perpendicular magnetic field.
To investigate coupling with a spatially nonuniform multimode quantum cavity photon field.

Main Methods:

Formulating a theoretical framework for cavity quantum electrodynamics.
Analyzing the full Hamiltonian including electron gas and photon field interactions.
Investigating the conditions for polaritonic frequency vanishing.

Main Results:

Demonstrated the vanishing of the lowest polaritonic frequency for realistic parameters.
Achieved the Dicke superradiant quantum phase transition.
Identified soft spin-flip transitions with nonvanishing dipole moments at nonzero wave vectors as the origin.

Conclusions:

The study reveals a pathway to Dicke superradiance in 2D electron systems.
The observed phenomenon can be interpreted as a static paramagnetic instability.
This work offers insights into light-matter interactions and quantum phase transitions in condensed matter systems.