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Bath-Induced Zeno Localization in Driven Many-Body Quantum Systems.

Thibaud Maimbourg1, Denis M Basko2, Markus Holzmann2

  • 1LPTMS, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France.

Physical Review Letters
|April 9, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Strong coupling to a thermal bath can localize spins in driven quantum systems, even with ergodic eigenstates. This explains the breakdown of thermal mixing observed in dynamic nuclear polarization protocols above 4-5 K.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Spin dynamics

Background:

  • Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) protocols are crucial for enhancing NMR/MRI sensitivity.
  • Understanding spin-bath interactions is key to optimizing DNP performance.
  • Experimental DNP protocols often show a breakdown of thermal mixing at elevated temperatures (4-5 K).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of bath coupling on a driven quantum interacting spin system.
  • To explain the experimentally observed breakdown of thermal mixing in DNP protocols.
  • To explore the role of the many-body quantum Zeno effect in spin localization.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of a quantum interacting spin system.
  • Inclusion of an external drive and coupling to a thermal bath of vibrational modes.
  • Analysis of many-body eigenstates and their ergodic properties.
  • Investigation of the many-body quantum Zeno effect.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration that strong coupling to the bath can lead to effective spin localization.
  • Observation of spin localization even when many-body eigenstates are ergodic.
  • Identification of the many-body quantum Zeno effect as the mechanism for localization.
  • Theoretical explanation for the breakdown of thermal mixing above 4-5 K in DNP protocols.

Conclusions:

  • The many-body quantum Zeno effect provides a mechanism for spin localization in driven systems coupled to thermal baths.
  • This localization explains the observed limitations of thermal mixing in dynamic nuclear polarization at higher temperatures.
  • The findings offer insights into controlling spin dynamics and optimizing DNP protocols.