Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 2, 2026

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy with Indocyanine Green Fluorescence: Choledochoscopic Stone Extraction and Primary Duct Suture
Published on: November 25, 2025
Percutaneous cholecystostomy for grade III acute cholecystitis is associated with worse outcomes
Yas Sanaiha1, Yen-Yi Juo1, Sarah E Rudasill1
1Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories (CORELAB), Division of Cardiac Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue Suite 62-249, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Background:
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the mortality, morbidity, and readmissions associated with management of grade 3 cholecystitis in the elderly, vulnerable population.
Methods:
This was a retrospective cohort study of non-elective admissions for acute cholecystitis from 2010 to 2015 using the nationwide readmissions database for adults ≥ 65 years with evidence of end-organ dysfunction (grade 3) who underwent percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC), laparoscopic (LC) or open cholecystectomy (OC). Index and readmission outcomes were analyzed using logistic regression and inverse probability treatment weight analysis.
Results:
Of the estimated 358,624 patients, 14.9% underwent PC, 15.7% OC, and 69.4% LC. PC had significantly higher odds of mortality (AOR 5.8, 95%CI 5.1-6.6), composite morbidity (AOR 3.8, 95%CI 3.5-4.1), early (AOR 1.9, 95%CI 1.7-2.0) and intermediate (AOR 2.2, 95%CI 2.0-2.5) readmission compared to LC and OC.
Conclusions:
Patients undergoing cholecystostomy had higher mortality, complications, and readmission rates warranting revaluation of criteria for cholecystostomy at initial presentation.
Related Concept Videos
Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care
Assessment:
Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management
Clinical manifestations of acute gastritis
The patient with acute gastritis may have a rapid onset of symptoms, such as epigastric pain or discomfort, dyspepsia, anorexia, hiccups, or nausea and vomiting, which can last from a few hours to a few days. Erosive or hemorrhagic gastritis may cause bleeding, which may manifest as blood in vomit or as...
Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management
Diagnosing Appendicitis
It requires a multifaceted approach, starting with a detailed physical examination to pinpoint the location and nature of the pain and identify any associated symptoms. Laboratory tests play a crucial role. A complete Blood Count (CBC) typically reveals leukocytosis (an increased number of...
Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP
Patient...

