Construction of an Affordable Lumbar Neuraxial Block Model Using 3D Printed Materials

Access to affordable 3D printing technology has resulted in increased interest in the creation of medical phantom task trainers. Recent research has validated the use of these trainers in simulation education. However, task trainers remain expensive, limiting their availability to medical training programs. We describe the construction of a low-cost task trainer using fused filament fabrication (FFF) printed spinal vertebrae placed in a synthetic gelatin matrix. Additionally, our model contains a realistic simulated ligamentum flavum, a removable silicone skin, as well as spinal fluid reservoir that provides a positive endpoint for intrathecal blocks. The total cost of this model was less than $400 USD. The time to 3D print the bony anatomic parts was approximately 26 hours. While we have not formally validated our model, initial impressions of tactile feel and realism were deemed positive by experienced anesthesia providers. Future work will focus on continued refinement of the model features and construction.