Multi-emission metal-organic framework composites for multicomponent ratiometric fluorescence sensing: recent...

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Chemistry
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Ratiometric fluorescence sensors offer advantages through multi-emission probes.
• Preparing multi-emission probes is challenging due to integrating diverse fluorophores.
• Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising for multicomponent ratiometric fluorescence sensing.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the advantages of MOF-based multi-component fluorescence sensors.
• To discuss the synthesis, classification, and applications of fluorescent MOFs for ratiometric detection.
• To explore the potential, types, characteristics, challenges, and limitations of these materials in sensing and biological applications.

Main Methods:

• Assembly of fluorescent groups via covalent bonds, coordination interactions, or loading into MOFs.
• Utilizing MOFs as platforms for constructing multi-component ratiometric fluorescence sensors.
• Investigating the factors affecting fluorophore loading within MOFs (size, charge, properties) and MOF structure (metal nodes, ligands).

Main Results:

• MOFs can host multiple fluorophores for ratiometric sensing, overcoming simple mixing limitations.
• Successful synthesis and classification of fluorescent MOFs and MOF composites for multi-component detection.
• Demonstrated potential for sensing and biological applications, alongside identified challenges in fluorophore integration and MOF stability.

Conclusions:

• MOF-based fluorescent materials are effective for multi-component ratiometric fluorescence detection.
• Further research is needed to address challenges in fluorophore loading and MOF design for optimal sensing performance.
• This review provides insights for researchers developing advanced fluorescent MOF sensors.