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Assessing Drug Release from Manipulated Abuse Deterrent Formulations.
Xin Feng1, Ahmed Zidan1, Nahid S Kamal1
1Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Office of Testing and Research, Division of Product Quality Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993, USA.
Developing effective in vitro dissolution methods is crucial for abuse deterrent formulations (ADFs). The United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Apparatus 4 demonstrated superior ability to discriminate particle size effects on drug release compared to other methods.
Area of Science:
- Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Drug Delivery and Formulation
- Analytical Chemistry
Background:
- Standard dissolution methods may not accurately assess drug release from manipulated abuse-deterrent formulations (ADFs).
- Particle size significantly impacts drug release kinetics, especially after physical manipulation of ADFs.
- There is a need for in vitro dissolution methods that are predictive of in vivo performance for manipulated ADFs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the discriminatory power of different in vitro dissolution methods for manipulated metoprolol succinate tablets with abuse deterrent properties.
- To identify a dissolution method suitable for assessing particle size effects and predicting in vivo performance of manipulated ADFs.
- To optimize the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Apparatus 4 for reliable drug release testing of manipulated formulations.
Main Methods:
- Evaluation of Vertical Diffusion Cell (VDC) and USP Apparatus 1, 2, and 4 for dissolution testing.
- Physical manipulation of metoprolol succinate tablets to create fine (106-500 μm) and coarse (500-1000 μm) powder samples.
- Optimization of USP Apparatus 4 parameters including packing configuration, dissolution medium ionic strength, and flow rate.
Main Results:
- VDC, USP Apparatus 1, and USP Apparatus 2 showed limitations in discriminating particle size effects and exhibited high variability or operational failures.
- USP Apparatus 4, with an optimized configuration (8 layers, 8 mL/min flow rate), demonstrated low variability and complete drug release.
- The optimized USP Apparatus 4 method successfully discriminated the effect of particle size on metoprolol succinate release from manipulated tablets.
Conclusions:
- USP Apparatus 4 is a suitable method for evaluating drug release from manipulated abuse-deterrent formulations, effectively discriminating particle size effects.
- The optimized USP Apparatus 4 method holds potential for use in in vivo predictive models for manipulated ADFs.
- Method development and optimization are crucial for achieving desired reproducibility and discriminatory power in dissolution testing of specialized formulations.
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