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[Clinical assessment and related intervention of neonatal upper airway obstruction]

H Wang1, G X Wang1, J Zhao1

  • 1National Center for Children's Health，Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery，Beijing Children's Hospital，Capital Medical University，Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery，Beijing Pediatric Research Institute，Beijing，100045，China.

Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi = Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
|January 9, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Neonatal upper airway obstruction, often caused by congenital lesions, requires early assessment and timely treatment. Combined medical and surgical approaches significantly improve cure rates and patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Upper airway obstruction (UAO) in neonates presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
  • Identifying causes and establishing standardized protocols are crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the diagnosis, evaluation, and classification of neonatal UAO.
  • To establish standardized diagnostic and treatment procedures to enhance treatment efficacy.
  • To analyze outcomes and risk factors associated with neonatal UAO.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of clinical data from 71 neonates with UAO.
  • Evaluation of diagnostic tools including flexible laryngoscopy, CT, neck ultrasound, and MRI.
  • Analysis of treatment outcomes for combined medical-surgical, medical-only, and untreated groups.

Main Results:

  • Congenital space-occupying lesions were the most common cause of UAO.
  • Flexible laryngoscopy achieved 100% accuracy in identifying obstruction levels.
  • The cure rate was higher in the non-endotracheal intubation group compared to the endotracheal intubation group.
  • Mortality was high (81.25%) in untreated neonates.

Conclusions:

  • The site of UAO significantly impacts disease severity and outcomes.
  • Early assessment and prompt treatment, particularly combined medical-surgical interventions, improve cure rates and prognosis for neonatal UAO.
  • Congenital space-occupying lesions are a primary cause requiring prompt management.

Keywords:
neonateprognosisupper airway obstruction

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