[The progress on diagnosis and treatment of larynx cancer]

SummaryLaryngeal cancer remains one of the most common tumors of head and neck. While significant advancements have been made over the last several decades, diagnosis and treatment of laryngeal cancer presents an unique challenge given its complexity. It is essential to perform a thorough preoperative assessment by the dedicated multidisciplinary team（MDT）, including confirmed diagnosis, accurate staging, surgical selection, rehabilitation and reconstruction, supportive care and postoperative follow-up. Surgery has been the historical mainstay for localized disease and still is an integral part of treatment, while transoral CO2 laser microsurgery is being increasingly popularised in early stage tumors and occasionally in more advanced forms of the disease. Nonsurgical methods like radiation and systemic therapy have emerged as viable options in patients considered unfit for surgery or those who refuse it. In addition, novel targeted agents are showing promise for the population with metastases. Currently, a multimodal approach is preferred in advanced cases, but the optimal strategy remains under debate. Close follow-up is crucial in achieving early detection and being able to treat the recurrence with curative intention. In summary, all patients should have a comprehensive evaluation and treatment plan in a multidisciplinary setting. This highlights the need for further research and innovation in the field.