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Hearing in Schoolchildren After Neonatal Exposure to a High-Dose Gentamicin Regimen

Dagny Hemmingsen1,2, Camilla Mikalsen1, Alexander Rydland Hansen1

  • 1Departments of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery and.

Pediatrics
|January 10, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Neonatal gentamicin exposure did not impact school-age hearing. This study found no increased hearing thresholds in children who received high-dose gentamicin, even when accounting for birth weight and other health factors.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal care
  • Audiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Gentamicin is a critical antibiotic for treating neonatal infections.
  • Potential ototoxicity of gentamicin necessitates understanding its long-term effects on hearing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if neonatal exposure to high-dose gentamicin is associated with hearing impairment in school-aged children.
  • To investigate the relationship between gentamicin dosage and hearing thresholds.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of children exposed to high-dose gentamicin neonatally was compared to a healthy control group.
  • Hearing was assessed using pure tone audiometry, including extended high-frequency ranges.
  • Linear regression models analyzed the impact of gentamicin exposure and other morbidities on hearing thresholds.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in mid-frequency or extended high-frequency hearing thresholds was found between gentamicin-exposed children and controls after adjusting for birth weight.
  • Increased hearing thresholds were associated with lower birth weight and postnatal middle-ear disease, not gentamicin exposure levels.
  • The majority of gentamicin-exposed children had hearing thresholds within the normal range.

Conclusions:

  • High-dose gentamicin exposure in the neonatal period was not associated with increased hearing thresholds in school-aged children.
  • Factors such as birth weight and middle-ear disease appear to be more significant predictors of hearing outcomes than neonatal gentamicin exposure.
Abstract

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