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Detection of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) in very Low Birth Weight Babies and Outcome of Management
M Asaduzzaman1, A B Shamsudduha, M M Hoque
1Dr Md Asaduzzaman, Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, East West Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Insights
Early detection and management of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants is crucial. Prompt intervention can prevent childhood blindness and preserve vision by addressing various ROP stages.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neonatology
- Public Health
Background:
- Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a significant cause of preventable childhood blindness.
- Premature infants, especially those with low birth weight, are at high risk for developing ROP.
- Timely screening and intervention are essential for optimal visual outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the early detection and management strategies for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).
- To assess the incidence and severity of ROP in a cohort of preterm infants.
- To determine the effectiveness of interventions for ROP.
Main Methods:
- An observational, descriptive, and interventional study was conducted on 96 preterm, low birth weight infants.
- Infants underwent ROP screening, followed by staging and treatment as required.
- Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, student paired 't' test, and chi-square test.
Main Results:
- Out of 96 infants, 33.33% (32) had ROP, while 66.67% (64) did not.
- Of the 32 infants with ROP, 18 required only observation, and 14 needed treatment.
- Treatment involved Inj. Anti VEGF and laser therapy for 16 eyes, laser therapy alone for 11 eyes, and observation for Stage V ROP in one eye.
Conclusions:
- Early detection and appropriate management of ROP are vital for preserving retinal structure and function.
- Effective ROP management can restore vision, prevent childhood blindness, and reduce associated morbidity.
- This study highlights the importance of systematic ROP screening protocols in high-risk infant populations.
Abstract:
The purpose of the present study was to early detection and management of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). This observational descriptive/ interventional study was carried out to evaluate 96 babies brought by their parents to BIRDEM General Hospital during the period of January 2016 to June 2016 who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Screening of ROP was performed in all 96 babies after taking informed written consent. After screening of ROP, the babies who had ROP, staging was done and treatment was given as per requirement. Descriptive data in the study were shown by cross table and compared by student paired 't' test and Chi-square test. The study included total 96 babies of preterm low birth weight. Among them 64(66.66%) babies had no ROP, where 32(33.33%) babies had different stages of ROP. In these 32 babies, 18 babies didn't need any treatment, only 14 babies needed treatment according to their requirement (14 babies had 28 eyes, where 16 eyes needed Inj. Anti VEGF and laser and 11 eyes needed only laser and one eye had Stage V ROP, so observed that eye). Early detection of ROP and proper management not only restore the anatomical and functional outcome of the retina, but also restore the vision, prevent childhood blindness and decrease morbidity.
