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Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Vihas Patel1, Jeffrey Nicastro2

  • 1Department of Surgery, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, NY.

Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery
|January 10, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding, a major cause of illness and death, is decreasing but still significant. This review covers common causes and treatments for upper GI bleeding.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) remains a critical clinical issue, contributing significantly to patient morbidity and mortality.
  • Despite a declining incidence, UGIB necessitates a thorough understanding of its etiologies and management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the most frequent sources of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
  • To detail current and effective treatment modalities for managing UGIB.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of common upper gastrointestinal bleeding sources.
  • Synthesis of established and emerging treatment protocols for UGIB.

Main Results:

  • Identification of prevalent causes of UGIB, including peptic ulcers, esophageal varices, and Mallory-Weiss tears.
  • Discussion of therapeutic interventions ranging from endoscopic hemostasis to pharmacologic and surgical options.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding relies on accurate diagnosis of its source.
  • Timely and appropriate treatment is crucial for improving outcomes and reducing mortality in patients with UGIB.

Keywords:
computed tomography angiographyendoscopygastric lavagepeptic ulcer diseaseupper gastrointestinal bleeding

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