Exonuclease III-Regulated Target Cyclic Amplification-Based Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Detection Using Ultrathin...

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Biotechnology
• Analytical Chemistry

Background:

• Oligonucleotide detection is crucial for genetic analysis and disease diagnostics.
• Developing sensitive and specific biosensors for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection remains a challenge.
• Ternary chalcogenide nanosheets offer unique optical and electronic properties for biosensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the affinity of ternary chalcogenide nanosheets for oligonucleotides of varying lengths.
• To develop a novel biosensor for sensitive and specific single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection.
• To demonstrate the potential of this biosensing strategy in clinical diagnostics and genomic research.

Main Methods:

• Characterization of ternary chalcogenide nanosheet affinity for DNA probes.
• Development of a fluorescence quenching-based cyclic amplification biosensor.
• Testing the biosensor's specificity for single-base mismatch discrimination.
• Evaluation of detection limits and discrimination ratios for target DNA sequences.

Main Results:

• Ternary chalcogenide nanosheets show differential affinity for oligonucleotides based on length.
• The nanosheets efficiently quench fluorescence from dye-labeled DNA probes.
• The developed biosensor demonstrates high specificity in discriminating single-base mismatches.
• An ultralow detection limit of 250 fM for unlabeled targets and a high discrimination ratio of 5% were achieved.

Conclusions:

• Ternary chalcogenide nanosheets provide a sensitive and specific platform for oligonucleotide detection.
• The developed cyclic amplification biosensor enables rapid and accurate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection.
• This method shows promise for mutation-based clinical diagnostics and advancing genomic research.