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Related Concept Videos

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
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Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
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Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
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Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
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Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis01:30

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Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe health condition in which the mean pulmonary arterial pressure increases to 25 mmHg or more, even when the body is at rest. This high pressure in the blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the lungs can cause various symptoms, including shortness of breath, can lead to right heart failure, and significantly affect the overall quality of life.
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Updated: Dec 31, 2025

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Pathophysiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
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Eosinophilic Vasculitis.

Karen L Vega Villanueva1, Luis R Espinoza2

  • 1Section of Rheumatology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.

Current Rheumatology Reports
|January 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) involves eosinophil immune roles in systemic inflammation. Research highlights new biomarkers and effective treatments like mepolizumab, advancing EGPA understanding and management.

Keywords:
BiomarkersEGPAEosinophilsHypereosinophilic syndromeMepolizumabRituximab

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare disorder gaining attention due to improved understanding of eosinophil immunopathology.
  • Eosinophils play a key role in systemic inflammation and host defense, particularly against parasites.
  • This review details eosinophil physiology, EGPA natural history, clinical manifestations, and therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiopathology of eosinophils in EGPA.
  • To describe the natural history, clinical spectrum, and current therapies for EGPA.
  • To highlight recent advances in understanding EGPA pathogenesis, biomarkers, and treatment targets.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on EGPA.
  • Analysis of data on eosinophil function and immune responses.
  • Evaluation of emerging biomarkers and therapeutic agents.

Main Results:

  • Eotaxin 3, IL25, IL33, and eicosanoids show promise as biomarkers for EGPA disease activity.
  • Mepolizumab demonstrated efficacy in both induction and maintenance therapy for EGPA.
  • Azathioprine showed no long-term benefit in induction, while rituximab shows promising ongoing results.

Conclusions:

  • Eosinophils are implicated in triggering EGPA, and understanding their role is crucial.
  • Advances in pathophysiology knowledge are expected to yield new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for EGPA.
  • Mepolizumab and potentially rituximab represent significant therapeutic progress in managing EGPA.