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Physical Activity in Eating Disorders: A Systematic Review
Melissa Rizk1,2,3, Lama Mattar4, Laurence Kern5
1INSERM U1178, Maison de Solenn, 97 Boulevard De Port Royal, 75014 Paris, France.
Nutrients
|January 16, 2020
Summary
Problematic physical activity (PPA) in eating disorders (ED), particularly anorexia nervosa (AN), lacks clear definition and treatment. This review proposes a new PPA classification and a model for its development in AN.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Clinical Psychology
- Sports Science
Background:
- High physical activity levels are common in eating disorders (ED), especially anorexia nervosa (AN).
- A clear definition, conceptualization, and treatment for problematic physical activity (PPA) in ED patients are currently lacking.
- Understanding PPA is crucial for effective ED treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose a novel classification system for PPA in ED patients.
- To review the prevalence, triggers, predictors, and maintaining factors of PPA in ED.
- To present a comprehensive model for the development of PPA in AN.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review of 47 articles from Medline and Web of Science.
- Articles were analyzed to identify factors related to PPA in ED.
- Data were systematically clustered into two proposed groups based on quantitative and qualitative dimensions of physical activity.
Main Results:
- PPA prevalence was reported in 20 studies; comparisons between ED and control groups in 21 studies.
- Significant links were found between PPA and psychological factors like depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsiveness.
- A model for PPA development in AN was proposed, highlighting voluntary (weight loss strategy) and involuntary (biological drive) components.
Conclusions:
- A new classification for PPA in ED is proposed, dividing it into quantitative and qualitative dimensions.
- PPA is strongly associated with psychological distress and ED symptomatology.
- The proposed model suggests PPA in AN has both conscious and subconscious drivers, necessitating tailored treatment approaches.
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