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Oral semaglutide in type 2 diabetes
Sarah L Anderson1, Trevor R Beutel1, Jennifer M Trujillo1
1University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, 12850 E. Montview Blvd., Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America.
Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications
|January 19, 2020
Summary
The first oral glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), oral semaglutide, offers a new treatment option for type 2 diabetes (T2D). While effective for glycemic control and weight loss, cardiovascular and renal data are still lacking.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Pharmacology
- Metabolic Diseases
Background:
- Injectable glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) were previously the sole therapeutic option.
- The recent approval of oral semaglutide (Rybelsus®) marks a significant advancement, introducing the first orally administered GLP-1 RA.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a comprehensive literature review of oral semaglutide.
- To detail its pharmacological, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic characteristics.
- To evaluate its clinical safety and efficacy.
Main Methods:
- Searched MEDLINE (1995-October 2019) and ClinicalTrials.gov.
- Utilized search terms: oral semaglutide, semaglutide, PIONEER.
- Reviewed reference citations and included all English-language human studies.
Main Results:
- Oral semaglutide is the first FDA-approved oral GLP-1 RA, representing a paradigm shift in type 2 diabetes (T2D) management.
- It presents an attractive option for T2D patients seeking improved glycemic control and weight loss without injectable therapy.
Conclusions:
- Oral semaglutide offers a novel, convenient treatment for T2D.
- Its potential benefits include enhanced glycemic control and weight management.
- Limitations include the absence of established cardiovascular and renal outcome data.
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