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[How common is fragrance allergy really?]
1Informationsverbund Dermatologischer Kliniken (IVDK), Institut an der Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Geiststr. 3, 37073, Göttingen, Deutschland. jgeier@gwdg.de.
Summary
Positive patch test reactions to fragrance mixes have declined, reaching historical lows. This decrease is attributed to reduced use of specific allergens like oakmoss and HICC, with further declines anticipated following EU prohibitions.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Allergology
- Cosmetic Science
Background:
- Fragrances are common contact allergens, second only to nickel.
- EU regulation mandates declaration of 26 significant fragrance allergens in cosmetics.
- Patch testing is crucial for identifying fragrance allergies.
Purpose of the Study:
- Evaluate the frequency of patch test reactions to fragrance mixes.
- Differentiate between frequently and rarely sensitizing fragrance allergens.
- Analyze trends in fragrance allergy sensitization.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of data from the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK).
- Data primarily covers the years 2016-2018.
- Focus on patch test reactions to fragrance mixes I and II.
Main Results:
- Positive reactions to fragrance mix I hit a low of 5.4% in 2018.
- Positive reactions to fragrance mix II declined to 3.2% in 2018.
- Isoeugenol replaced oakmoss as the leading allergen in mix I; HICC leads in mix II. Only 11 of 26 declared fragrances caused reactions in >1% of patients.
Conclusions:
- Reduced use of oakmoss (atranol, chloroatranol) and HICC significantly decreased positive test reactions.
- EU prohibitions on these substances (effective August 2019) are expected to further lower sensitization rates.
- A detailed allergological assessment of individual fragrance allergens is necessary.
Keywords:
Contact sensitizationFragrance mixHydroxyisohexyl 3‑cyclohexene carboxaldehydeOakmossPatch testingMore Related Videos
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