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Anabolic androgenic steroid dependence is associated with executive dysfunction.
Lisa E Hauger1, Lars T Westlye2, Astrid Bjørnebekk1
1The Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Research Group, National Advisory Unit on Substance Use Disorder Treatment, the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Postbox 4959, Nydalen, Norway.
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
|January 24, 2020
Summary
Anabolic androgenic steroid dependence is linked to impaired executive functions, including working memory and problem-solving. This cognitive dysfunction may contribute to continued steroid abuse despite negative consequences.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychology
- Addiction Research
Background:
- Anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) dependence is prevalent and linked to significant intra- and interpersonal issues.
- Identifying cognitive factors is crucial for understanding and treating AAS dependence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate executive functions (EFs) in individuals with AAS dependence.
- To compare EFs between AAS dependents, AAS non-dependents, and AAS non-users.
Main Methods:
- A sample of 174 male weightlifters was divided into three groups: AAS dependents (n=58), AAS non-dependents (n=38), and AAS non-users (n=78).
- Neuropsychological tests and self-report questionnaires assessed EFs, ADHD symptoms, and psychological distress.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in working memory, mental flexibility, problem-solving, and inhibition were found between groups.
- AAS dependents showed poorer EFs and higher self-reported psychological distress compared to non-users.
- Significant differences were also observed in self-reported EF problems and ADHD symptoms.
Conclusions:
- AAS dependence is associated with executive dysfunction.
- Executive dysfunction may contribute to continued AAS abuse despite adverse effects.
- Recognizing executive dysfunction is vital for effective treatment and rehabilitation strategies.
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