Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 30, 2025
05:36
Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening
Published on: October 18, 2024
1.5K
Smartphone-Assisted Glaucoma Screening in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: a Pilot Study
Yannick Bilong1, Christelle Noche Domngang2, Gebding Nwanlih Gimma2
1Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Medical Hypothesis, Discovery & Innovation Ophthalmology Journal
|January 25, 2020
Summary
Smartphone retinal photos show high glaucoma suspicion rates in diabetic patients. Further testing and patient education are crucial to improve screening accuracy and follow-up adherence.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Medical Imaging
- Public Health
Background:
- Glaucoma screening is vital for preventing vision loss, especially in diabetic populations.
- Smartphone-based retinal photography offers a potential low-cost screening tool.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the accuracy of smartphone retinal photos for glaucoma screening.
- To determine the prevalence of glaucoma and associated signs in type 2 diabetic patients.
- To assess the lost-to-follow-up rate after initial screening.
Main Methods:
- A descriptive and analytical study involving 395 type 2 diabetic patients.
- Retinal photography using an iPhone 5s and a smartphone-coupled retinal camera.
- Ophthalmological examination for confirmation of glaucoma diagnosis in suspicious cases.
Main Results:
- A glaucoma suspicion rate of 9.87% (39/395) was detected via retinal photos.
- Key signs included high Cup/Disc ratio (64.1%) and asymmetric C/D (35.9%).
- A high lost-to-follow-up rate of 64.1% was observed, with 8 true positives and 6 false positives.
Conclusions:
- Smartphone retinal photography can identify potential glaucoma cases in diabetic patients.
- High prevalence and lost-to-follow-up rates necessitate improved screening strategies.
- Integrating additional diagnostic tests and patient education is recommended for better outcomes.
Related Concept Videos
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
4.2K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
4.2K
01:27Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment
905
In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
905
01:15Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
1.9K
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
1.9K
01:25Glaucoma: Overview
1.2K
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
1.2K
01:28Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment
1.1K
Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
1.1K
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
4.7K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
4.7K