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Related Experiment Videos

Anthelmintics.

M Katz

    Drugs
    |February 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This article reviews drugs for helminthic infections, detailing their uses, mechanisms, and side effects. Effective treatments vary by worm type, with some infections requiring specific medications like thiabendazole or niclosamide.

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Parasitology
    • Pharmacology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Helminthic infections pose significant threats to human health globally.
    • A diverse range of helminths cause infections, necessitating varied therapeutic approaches.
    • Understanding drug efficacy, mode of action, and toxicity is crucial for effective treatment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide a comprehensive overview of drugs used in treating human helminthic infections.
    • To detail the therapeutic indications, mechanisms of action, and toxicity profiles of key anthelmintic drugs.
    • To discuss the management of specific helminth infections important in human medicine.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of pharmacological data for established anthelmintic medications.

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  • Analysis of therapeutic guidelines for common and severe helminthic infections.
  • Discussion of drug efficacy, single-dose administration benefits, and limitations of specific treatments.

    • Main Results:

    • Pyrantel pamoate is effective for Enterobius vermicularis, Ascaris lumbricoides, and hookworms, though less so for Necator americanus.
    • Mebendazole is highly effective for Enterobius vermicularis and Trichuris trichiura infections.
    • Thiabendazole is the primary treatment for Strongyloides stercoralis, with potential use in cutaneous larva migrans.
    • Tetrachlorethylene is preferred for Necator americanus when pyrantel pamoate is less effective.
    • Tissue-dwelling roundworm infections often require palliative care.
    • Diethylcarbamazine is the best available drug for filarial infections, sometimes supplemented by surgery.
    • Niclosamide is effective against Cestodes; surgical intervention is necessary for aberrant cestode infections.
    • Schistosomal infections require careful assessment of worm viability; specific treatments include stibophen, antimony potassium tartrate, and niridazole, with attention to toxicity.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective treatment of helminthic infections relies on accurate diagnosis and selection of appropriate drugs.
    • Drug choice depends on the specific helminth species, infection site, and host factors.
    • Management of complex or aberrant infections may involve symptomatic treatment, surgery, or careful monitoring for drug toxicity.