Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

61.2K
Overview
61.2K
Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

692
Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
692
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

2.0K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
2.0K
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

305
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
305
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

2.5K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
2.5K
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

9.7K
The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
9.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Protective effect and mechanisms of Buyang Huanwu decoction against hypobaric hypoxia-induced brain injury in mice: involvement of inflammatory responses and HIF-1/PI3K-Akt-related pathways.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

An integrated rotational paper-based ELISA platform for multiplex inflammatory biomarker analysis in whole blood with a DIY centrifuge.

The Analyst·2026
Same author

Dynamic Object Detection in Maritime Navigation Scenarios Based on Vision-Radar Fusion.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Stable and Low-Cost Organic Photovoltaics Without Conjugated Donors.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Histone modification dynamics in brain aging: unlocking therapeutic potential.

Cell death & disease·2026
Same author

Paper-Based Electrochemical Aptasensor Chip for Ultrasensitive Glyphosate Detection Enabled by MXene-Au and Au@NiCo LDH Nanozyme Amplification.

Electrophoresis·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Screening Bioactive Nanoparticles in Phagocytic Immune Cells for Inhibitors of Toll-like Receptor Signaling
09:51

Screening Bioactive Nanoparticles in Phagocytic Immune Cells for Inhibitors of Toll-like Receptor Signaling

Published on: July 26, 2017

12.9K

Infection and atherosclerosis: TLR-dependent pathways.

Bowei Li1, Yuanpeng Xia2, Bo Hu3

  • 1Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS
|February 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Chronic infections contribute to atherosclerosis, a progressive vascular disease. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), particularly TLR2 and TLR4, are implicated in this process, offering potential therapeutic targets for atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASVD).

Keywords:
AtherosclerosisChlamydia pneumoniaeInfectionPorphyromonas gingivalisToll-like receptors

More Related Videos

A Mouse Model for Pathogen-induced Chronic Inflammation at Local and Systemic Sites
09:52

A Mouse Model for Pathogen-induced Chronic Inflammation at Local and Systemic Sites

Published on: August 8, 2014

18.0K
A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology
05:51

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology

Published on: May 6, 2014

13.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Screening Bioactive Nanoparticles in Phagocytic Immune Cells for Inhibitors of Toll-like Receptor Signaling
09:51

Screening Bioactive Nanoparticles in Phagocytic Immune Cells for Inhibitors of Toll-like Receptor Signaling

Published on: July 26, 2017

12.9K
A Mouse Model for Pathogen-induced Chronic Inflammation at Local and Systemic Sites
09:52

A Mouse Model for Pathogen-induced Chronic Inflammation at Local and Systemic Sites

Published on: August 8, 2014

18.0K
A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology
05:51

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology

Published on: May 6, 2014

13.7K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Disease
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASVD) is a chronic inflammatory condition linked to infections.
  • Traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis include hyperlipidemia, hypertension, smoking, and obesity.
  • Emerging evidence highlights the role of chronic infections in ASVD development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in infection-related atherosclerosis.
  • To examine the impact of TLRs on ASVD progression following infections like Chlamydia pneumoniae.
  • To discuss current treatment strategies and identify potential therapeutic targets for ASVD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on TLRs, PRRs, and atherosclerosis.
  • Analysis of the involvement of specific pathogens (e.g., C. pneumoniae, P. gingivalis, H. pylori, HIV) in ASVD.
  • Evaluation of the roles of TLR2 and TLR4 in infection-induced atherosclerosis.

Main Results:

  • Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key components of the innate immune system involved in recognizing pathogens.
  • TLRs, especially TLR2 and TLR4, significantly influence the development of atherosclerosis linked to various chronic infections.
  • Different TLRs play distinct roles during various stages of infection by atherosclerosis-related pathogens.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic infections are significant contributors to the development and progression of atherosclerotic vascular disease.
  • Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are critical mediators in infection-related atherosclerosis, with TLR2 and TLR4 activation being particularly impactful.
  • Targeting TLRs presents a promising new avenue for therapeutic interventions in ASVD.