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Pulmonary Function Tests in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery and its Correlation with Outcome
Dinesh Kshirsagar1, Nandakumar Beke2, Vrushali Khadke2
1Senior Resident, Swami Ramanand Teerth Rural Medical college, Ambajogai, Maharashtra.
Insights
Abnormal pulmonary function tests (PFT) significantly predict longer recovery times after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Patients with abnormal PFT results experienced extended ventilator, ICU, and hospital stays, highlighting the importance of pre-operative lung assessment.
Area of Science:
- Cardiothoracic Surgery
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Clinical Outcomes Research
Background:
- Pulmonary complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality post-coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.
- Limited data exists on CABG outcomes in Indian patients with abnormal pulmonary function tests (PFT).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlation between PFT results and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing CABG surgery.
Main Methods:
- A prospective observational study included 370 patients (aged 35-65) undergoing CABG.
- Clinical history, examination, and PFT were performed for each patient.
- Primary outcomes included post-CABG ventilator, ICU, and hospital stay durations.
Main Results:
- Patients with abnormal forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) showed significantly longer ventilator, ICU, and hospital stays.
- Restrictive, obstructive, and mixed lung diseases were associated with prolonged recovery periods compared to normal spirometry.
Conclusions:
- Abnormal PFT results are a strong, independent predictor of prolonged mechanical ventilation and extended ICU and hospital stays following CABG.
- Pre-operative PFT assessment is crucial for predicting recovery trajectories in CABG patients.
Background:
Pulmonary complications are one of the most common causes of postoperative morbidity and mortality after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. There is paucity of data of CABG in abnormal pulmonary function tests (PFT) in Indian population.
Objectives:
To study correlation of PFT with clinical outcome in patients undergoing CABG.
Methods:
Three hundred seventy patients aged 35 to 65 years who underwent CABG between May 2015 and November 2016 and ready to participate were included for this prospective observational study. Each patient was subjected to detailed clinical history, clinical examination and PFT. Primary outcome measures were post CABG ventilator stay, intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and hospital stay. Fisher's exact tests was used to compare qualitative data whereas Mann-Whitney U test was used to find the significant difference between quantitative variables.
Results:
Higher percentage of patients whose forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was abnormal had longer ventilator stay, ICU stay and hospital stay as compared patients whose FEV1 was normal. Restrictive disease, obstructive disease, and mixed disease patients had longer ventilator stay, ICU stay and hospital stay as compared patients whose spirometry was normal.
Conclusion:
Abnormal PFT was independent strong predictor of prolonged ventilation, longer length of ICU and hospital stay.
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