Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Pauli Exclusion Principle03:06

The Pauli Exclusion Principle

58.5K
The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom is called its electron configuration. We describe an electron configuration with a symbol that contains three pieces of information:
58.5K
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

1.4K
Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are...
1.4K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

1.8K
NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
1.8K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

1.5K
Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
1.5K
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

1.3K
Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
1.3K
¹H NMR: Pople Notation01:09

¹H NMR: Pople Notation

2.4K
The Pople nomenclature system classifies spin systems based on the difference between their chemical shifts. Coupled spins are denoted by capital letters with subscripts indicating the number of equivalent nuclei. When the coupled nuclei have well-separated chemical shifts, they are assigned letters that are far apart in the alphabet, such as A and X. When the difference in chemical shifts is small, coupled nuclei are named using adjacent letters of the alphabet (AB, MN, or XY).
A proton...
2.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Low-frequency excitation of singlet-triplet transitions. Application to nuclear hyperpolarization.

The Journal of chemical physics·2021
Same author

Nuclear singlet relaxation by chemical exchange.

The Journal of chemical physics·2021
Same author

Centralizer theory for long-lived spin states.

The Journal of chemical physics·2021
Same author

Algorithmic cooling of nuclear spins using long-lived singlet order.

The Journal of chemical physics·2020
Same author

Polarization transfer via field sweeping in parahydrogen-enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance.

The Journal of chemical physics·2019
Same author

Nuclear singlet relaxation by scalar relaxation of the second kind in the slow-fluctuation regime.

The Journal of chemical physics·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
09:00

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

Published on: June 28, 2018

10.3K

Rotational-permutational dual-pairing and long-lived spin order.

C Bengs1

  • 1School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, University Road SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|February 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Long-lived spin order in quantum systems arises from symmetries. This study introduces a framework using Schur-Weyl duality to analyze these symmetries, refining bounds on long-lived spin populations and coherences.

More Related Videos

Site Directed Spin Labeling and EPR Spectroscopic Studies of Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channels
11:19

Site Directed Spin Labeling and EPR Spectroscopic Studies of Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channels

Published on: July 4, 2016

11.0K
Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation
10:52

Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation

Published on: February 4, 2017

10.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
09:00

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

Published on: June 28, 2018

10.3K
Site Directed Spin Labeling and EPR Spectroscopic Studies of Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channels
11:19

Site Directed Spin Labeling and EPR Spectroscopic Studies of Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channels

Published on: July 4, 2016

11.0K
Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation
10:52

Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation

Published on: February 4, 2017

10.1K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Dynamics
  • Quantum Information Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Quantum systems interacting with thermal environments exhibit both coherent and incoherent dynamics.
  • These dynamics drive quantum systems back to thermal equilibrium after perturbation, involving population reorganization and coherence decay.
  • Individual populations and coherences can have distinct relaxation times, with specific configurations showing exceptionally long relaxation times, termed long-lived spin order.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a theoretical framework for studying rotational and permutational dual-symmetries in the context of long-lived spin order.
  • To leverage the Schur-Weyl duality theorem for analyzing these symmetries in nuclear spin systems.
  • To derive refined bounds on the number of long-lived spin populations and coherences in systems with rotational-permutational dual-symmetries.

Main Methods:

  • Application of the Schur-Weyl duality theorem to describe dual-symmetries.
  • Development of a theoretical formalism to analyze the impact of these symmetries on spin dynamics.
  • Derivation of refined bounds for long-lived spin order characteristics.

Main Results:

  • A theoretical framework is presented for the study of rotational and permutational dual-symmetries.
  • The framework provides a method to identify and analyze spin configurations with exceptionally long relaxation times (long-lived spin order).
  • Refined bounds are derived for the number of long-lived spin populations and coherences in relevant quantum systems.

Conclusions:

  • Long-lived spin order is a direct consequence of system symmetries, particularly rotational and permutational symmetries in nuclear spin systems.
  • The developed theoretical framework, based on Schur-Weyl duality, offers a powerful tool for understanding these symmetries.
  • The derived bounds provide quantitative insights into the persistence of order in quantum systems interacting with thermal environments.