Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Orbitals02:44

Atomic Orbitals

42.4K
An atomic orbital represents the three-dimensional regions in an atom where an electron has the highest probability to reside. The radial distribution function indicates the total probability of finding an electron within the thin shell at a distance r from the nucleus. The atomic orbitals have distinct shapes which are determined by l, the angular momentum quantum number. The orbitals are often drawn with a boundary surface, enclosing densest regions of the cloud.
42.4K
Local Attraction01:22

Local Attraction

294
Local attraction refers to disturbances in compass readings caused by magnetic influences from nearby objects such as metal fences, buried pipes, vehicles, buildings, power lines, or natural iron ore deposits. Small items like wristwatches, steel tools, or belt buckles can also interfere with the compass by creating local magnetic fields that distort the Earth's natural magnetic field. These distortions lead to inaccurate readings, posing navigation and land surveying challenges.Local...
294
VSEPR Theory02:37

VSEPR Theory

13.6K
Valence shell electron-pair repulsion theory (VSEPR theory) enables us to predict the molecular structure around a central atom from an examination of the number of bonds and lone electron pairs in its Lewis structure. The VSEPR model assumes that electron pairs in the valence shell of a central atom will adopt an arrangement that minimizes repulsions between these electron pairs by maximizing the distance between them. The electrons in the valence shell of a central atom form either bonding...
13.6K
The Energies of Atomic Orbitals03:21

The Energies of Atomic Orbitals

29.6K
In an atom, the negatively charged electrons are attracted to the positively charged nucleus. In a multielectron atom, electron-electron repulsions are also observed. The attractive and repulsive forces are dependent on the distance between the particles, as well as the sign and magnitude of the charges on the individual particles. When the charges on the particles are opposite, they attract each other. If both particles have the same charge, they repel each other.
29.6K
Electric Field of Two Equal and Opposite Charges01:30

Electric Field of Two Equal and Opposite Charges

6.9K
Atoms generally contain the same number of positively and negatively charged particles, protons, and electrons. Hence, they are electrically neutral. However, the centers of the positive and negative charges do not always coincide. In such a scenario, the electric field of an atom may not be zero.
A separation of the positive and negative charges can lead to a weak, remnant effect of the positive and negative charges. The expectation is that the more the distance between the positive and...
6.9K
Calculations of Electric Potential II01:27

Calculations of Electric Potential II

2.2K
An electric dipole is a system of two equal but opposite charges, separated by a fixed distance. This system is used to model many real-world systems, including atomic and molecular interactions. One of these systems is the water molecule, but only under certain circumstances. These circumstances are met inside a microwave oven, where electric fields with alternating directions make the water molecules change orientation. This vibration is equivalent to heat at the molecular level.
Consider a...
2.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Taxonomic profiling of nematode community using morphological and metabarcoding approaches under diverse irrigation systems.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) Ligand Axis as a Mediator of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Cancer: Implications for Cancer Progression and Therapeutic Targeting.

Current pharmaceutical design·2026
Same author

Plant-derived molecules as multitarget modulators of NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and AMPK/mTOR signaling in chronic diseases.

Biochemical and biophysical research communications·2026
Same author

Molecular Mechanisms of Natural Antiprotozoal Compounds: Emerging Strategies for Neglected Tropical Diseases.

Recent advances in anti-infective drug discovery·2026
Same author

Novel biomarkers and multi-omics approaches for diagnosis and management of ulcerative colitis.

Gastroenterologia y hepatologia·2026
Same author

Emerging Roles of Nanofibers and Hydrogels in the Field of Brain Tissue Engineering and Regeneration.

Current pharmaceutical design·2026
Same journal

Gaussian-modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution over 60 km fiber using an integrated silicon photonic receiver.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

E2E-OCT: end-to-end joint learning model using optical coherence tomography images for vocal cord leukoplakia diagnosis.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

Holographic generation of panoramic 3D scenes by concave ellipsoidal mirror reflection.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

Dual-pilot phase recovery with pair-wise maximum-ratio combining for coherent PONs.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

Mapping the whispering gallery modes of a CaF<sub>2</sub> disk resonator with half-tapered fibers to estimate the fundamental mode volume.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

Quantitative estimation of deep-subwavelength scale via dark-field scattering axial energy concentration decay profiles.

Optics letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Fabrication and Characterization of Disordered Polymer Optical Fibers for Transverse Anderson Localization of Light
09:19

Fabrication and Characterization of Disordered Polymer Optical Fibers for Transverse Anderson Localization of Light

Published on: July 29, 2013

11.8K

Relation between the localization length and level repulsion in 2D Anderson localization.

Sandip Mondal, Sushil Mujumdar

    Optics Letters
    |February 15, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers found a nonlinear relationship between localization length and spectral properties in 2D optical systems. This allows estimating Anderson localization length using level-spacing statistics, even with weak dissipation.

    More Related Videos

    Label-free Single Molecule Detection Using Microtoroid Optical Resonators
    08:53

    Label-free Single Molecule Detection Using Microtoroid Optical Resonators

    Published on: December 29, 2015

    9.6K
    Conventional BODIPY Conjugates for Live-Cell Super-Resolution Microscopy and Single-Molecule Tracking
    07:49

    Conventional BODIPY Conjugates for Live-Cell Super-Resolution Microscopy and Single-Molecule Tracking

    Published on: June 8, 2020

    8.6K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Dec 28, 2025

    Fabrication and Characterization of Disordered Polymer Optical Fibers for Transverse Anderson Localization of Light
    09:19

    Fabrication and Characterization of Disordered Polymer Optical Fibers for Transverse Anderson Localization of Light

    Published on: July 29, 2013

    11.8K
    Label-free Single Molecule Detection Using Microtoroid Optical Resonators
    08:53

    Label-free Single Molecule Detection Using Microtoroid Optical Resonators

    Published on: December 29, 2015

    9.6K
    Conventional BODIPY Conjugates for Live-Cell Super-Resolution Microscopy and Single-Molecule Tracking
    07:49

    Conventional BODIPY Conjugates for Live-Cell Super-Resolution Microscopy and Single-Molecule Tracking

    Published on: June 8, 2020

    8.6K

    Area of Science:

    • Condensed Matter Physics
    • Quantum Optics
    • Disordered Systems

    Background:

    • Anderson localization describes the suppression of wave propagation in disordered media.
    • Understanding the interplay between spectral properties and localization length is crucial for designing optical devices.
    • Two-dimensional (2D) systems offer a unique platform to study localization phenomena.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between localization length (ξ) and level-spacing statistics in 2D optical systems.
    • To explore the potential of using spectral characteristics to predict localization behavior.
    • To assess the robustness of this relationship against dissipation.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing the tight-binding model to simulate Anderson localized modes across a range of disorder.
    • Computing localization length (ξ) from system eigenvectors.
    • Analyzing spectra to determine level-spacing distributions and their repulsion exponent (β).
    • Fitting the level-spacing distribution with a hybrid interpolating function.

    Main Results:

    • A continuous variation of the repulsion exponent (β) from 0 (Poissonian) to 1 (Wigner-Dyson) was observed.
    • A nonlinear, sigmoidal relationship was identified between localization length (ξ) and the repulsion exponent (β).
    • The (ξ, β) scatter points form a well-defined locus, suggesting predictability.

    Conclusions:

    • The localization length in 2D disordered optical systems can be estimated from spectral means, specifically level-spacing statistics.
    • This spectral estimation method is resilient to weak dissipation, as the repulsion exponent remains insensitive to level widths.
    • The findings provide a novel, non-invasive approach for characterizing Anderson localization in optical systems.