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Correlations between Sleep Bruxism and Temporomandibular Disorders
Brigitte Ohlmann1, Moritz Waldecker1, Michael Leckel1
1Department of Prosthodontics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|February 28, 2020
Summary
This study found that somatization, not sleep bruxism (SB), is strongly linked to myofascial pain diagnoses in temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Somatization appears to be a better predictor for this specific TMD diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Dental research
- Psychosomatic medicine
- Clinical diagnostics
Background:
- Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) encompass a range of conditions affecting the jaw joint and muscles.
- Sleep bruxism (SB), characterized by teeth grinding during sleep, is often suspected as a contributing factor to TMD.
- The relationship between SB and specific TMD diagnoses requires further clarification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlation between sleep bruxism (SB) and temporomandibular disorders (TMD).
- To determine the predictive value of SB and psychosocial factors for RDC/TMD diagnoses, particularly myofascial pain.
Main Methods:
- 110 subjects were assessed for sleep bruxism (SB) using questionnaires, clinical symptoms, and electromyographic/electrocardiographic data.
- Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) were diagnosed using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD).
- Psychosocial assessments, including somatization, were conducted.
Main Results:
- 10 out of 58 bruxers received an RDC/TMD group-I diagnosis (myofascial pain); no nonbruxers did.
- No significant differences were observed between bruxers and nonbruxers for RDC/TMD group-II (disc displacement) and group-III (arthralgia, arthritis, arthrosis) diagnoses.
- Somatization was more prevalent in bruxers and identified as the sole significant predictor of myofascial pain via logistic regression.
Conclusions:
- A significant correlation exists between myofascial pain (RDC/TMD diagnosis) and somatization.
- Somatization is a stronger predictor for RDC/TMD myofascial pain diagnoses than sleep bruxism.
- These findings highlight the importance of psychosocial factors in TMD, specifically myofascial pain.
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