Characteristics of low-fat mayonnaise using different modified arrowroot starches as fat replacer

Modified arrowroot starch was investigated as a fat replacer in mayonnaise. Arrowroot starch was modified by octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA), annealing (ANN), citric acid hydrolysis (CA), acetylation (ACT) and heat-moisture treatment (HMT). The different starch pastes were used to replace mayonnaise fat at levels of 30% and 50%. Color, viscoelastic properties, and emulsion stability of the fat-reduced mayonnaises and full-fat (FF) version were evaluated, according to the type of modified starch and fat replacement ratio. Physicochemical, thermal, and pasting properties of all starch types differed due to the modification method. Shear stress of mayonnaise was fitted to the Casson and Herschel-Bulkley model, respectively. As partial fat replacers, ANN-modified starch and OSA-starch at 30%, and CA-starch at 30% and 50% showed high yield stress. The elastic moduli (G') of fat-reduced mayonnaises were lower than FF, but mayonnaise with ANN, OSA, and CA showed higher G' than other modified starches. Fat-reduced mayonnaises displayed higher emulsion stability than the FF, especially those with ANN-modified starch, OSA-starch, and CA-starch. In principal component (PC) analysis, groups with high and low emulsion stability were divided by PC1. Overall, ANN-, OSA-, and CA-modified starches were identified as suitable fat replacers in mayonnaise.