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A goal programming approach to evaluate agroforestry systems in Eastern Panama.

Elizabeth Gosling1, Esther Reith1, Thomas Knoke1

  • 1Institute of Forest Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354, Freising, Germany.

Journal of Environmental Management
|March 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Agroforestry integration optimizes farm portfolios for ecological and economic benefits. However, current farmer practices prioritize immediate needs, indicating a need for agroforestry systems offering early returns to boost adoption.

Keywords:
Alley croppingFarmer interviewsLand allocationRobust optimisationSilvopasture

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Ecology
  • Environmental Management

Background:

  • Agroforestry is theorized to enhance farm ecological and economic functions.
  • Optimal integration of agroforestry into diversified farming systems remains unclear.
  • Balancing farmer needs with environmental services requires understanding land-use trade-offs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of agroforestry systems in diversified farm portfolios.
  • To reduce trade-offs between farmers' socio-economic and ecological goals.
  • To model optimal land-use composition considering farmer perceptions and heterogeneity.

Main Methods:

  • Mathematical programming model applied to hypothetical farm portfolios.
  • Incorporation of multiple objectives and land-use diversification.
  • Utilized farmer interview data from a forest frontier region in Eastern Panama.

Main Results:

  • Optimized farm portfolio dominated by agroforestry (60% silvopasture, 39% forest, 1% plantation).
  • Current farmer land use significantly deviates from the optimized portfolio.
  • Farmers' current land use is driven by immediate needs for food security and liquidity.

Conclusions:

  • Agroforestry systems can optimize farm performance across multiple objectives.
  • Current land-use decisions reflect a prioritization of short-term needs.
  • Agroforestry adoption requires systems providing early and frequent returns to align with farmer priorities.