Effects of 8-week Pilates training program on hamstring/quadriceps ratio and trunk strength in adolescent baseball...

The purpose of this pilot case study is to investigate the effects of Pilates training on hamstring/quadriceps ratio, trunk strength, shoulder strength, and body composition in adolescent baseball players. Eight adolescent baseball players, 15 years of age, participated in Pilates program (supervised training, 50 min per session for three times a week for 8 weeks) using reformer and Cadillac. The intensity of the program was progressively increased by applying beginner level for 1-2 weeks, intermediate level for 3-6 weeks, and advance level for 7-8 weeks. To verify the effect of the Pilates program on hamstring/quadriceps ratio, trunk strength, shoulder strength and body composition, participants performed bioelectrical impedance analysis and isokinetic testing at pre- and posttraining. After the Pilates training, there were significant increases in body weight (P<0.01), left arm muscle mass (P<0.01), and trunk muscle mass (P<0.01). In addition, there were significant increases in left and right knee flexion peak torque (P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively), right knee extension peak torque (P<0.05), left and right hamstring/quadriceps ratio (both P<0.01), trunk flexion peak torque (P<0.05) and shoulder flexion peak torque (P<0.05) after 8 weeks of training. Therefore, Pilates training increased muscle mass, hamstring/quadriceps ratio, trunk and shoulder strength, suggesting that it may help baseball players do better performance and prevent future injuries in adolescent players.