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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Self-assembly of Complex Two-dimensional Shapes from Single-stranded DNA Tiles

Self-assembly of Complex Two-dimensional Shapes from Single-stranded DNA Tiles

Published on: May 8, 2015

Towards Active Self-Assembly Through DNA Nanotechnology.

Jinyi Dong^1,2, Chao Zhou³, Qiangbin Wang⁴

¹CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interfaces, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China.

Topics in Current Chemistry (Cham)

|March 13, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Chemists are developing active self-assembly systems using DNA nanotechnology to mimic living systems. These systems consume energy to build complex structures, moving beyond passive processes to achieve dynamic and autonomous assembly.

Keywords:

Active assembly DNA nanotechnology DNA origami Out-of-equilibrium assembly Self-assembly

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Last Updated: Dec 26, 2025

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Area of Science:

Biomimetic Chemistry
Nanotechnology
Molecular Engineering

Background:

Living systems exhibit active self-assembly, operating out of thermodynamic equilibrium by consuming energy.
Traditional synthetic self-assembly relies on passive processes, reaching equilibrium from high-energy states.
Bridging this gap is crucial for emulating and understanding life's fundamental processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in artificial active self-assembly systems.
To highlight the pivotal role of DNA nanotechnology in creating these dynamic systems.
To categorize active DNA assembly systems based on their energy dynamics.

Main Methods:

Leveraging structural and dynamic DNA nanotechnology for building block design.
Integrating diverse DNA techniques: controllable assembly-disassembly, autonomous assembly, molecular circuits, and biochemical oscillators.
Analyzing systems through the lens of free energy change during reaction processes.

Main Results:

Demonstration of active self-assembly systems that consume energy, unlike passive counterparts.
Showcasing dynamic DNA assembly systems, from simple disassembly to complex artificial metabolism and oscillation.
Categorization of these systems based on their thermodynamic driving forces and energy consumption.

Conclusions:

DNA nanotechnology provides a versatile platform for designing sophisticated active self-assembly systems.
These artificial systems offer valuable insights into the principles governing life's non-equilibrium processes.
Continued development promises further emulation of biological functions and novel applications.