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Surface Plasmon Resonance-Based Sensing Utilizing Spatial Phase Modulation in an Imaging Interferometer.

Roman Kaňok1, Dalibor Ciprian1, Petr Hlubina1

  • 1Department of Physics, Technical University Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic.

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This study presents a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) interferometer for sensitive liquid analysis. The device detects minute refractive index changes, crucial for chemical sensing applications.

Keywords:
Kretschmann configurationaqueous solutions of ethanolfringe phase shiftimaging interferometersensitivityspatial phase modulationsurface plasmon resonance

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Area of Science:

  • Optics
  • Nanotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) is a label-free optical technique used for detecting molecular interactions.
  • Interferometry offers high sensitivity for measuring optical path differences.
  • Combining SPR with interferometry can enhance refractive index sensing capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an imaging interferometer utilizing spatial phase modulation for Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) based sensing of liquid analytes.
  • To demonstrate the capability of the SPR interferometer to detect varying concentrations of ethanol in water by measuring refractive index changes.
  • To evaluate the sensitivity and detection limit of the proposed SPR sensing technique.

Main Methods:

  • An imaging interferometer setup was designed using a laser diode (637.1 nm), polarizer, and a plasmonic structure (SF10/Cr/Au) in the Kretschmann configuration.
  • Interference patterns generated by the interaction of light with the plasmonic structure and liquid analytes were captured using a CCD camera.
  • Data processing involved calculating the interference fringe phase shift, which correlates with the refractive index change of the liquid analyte.

Main Results:

  • Theoretical calculations predicted a sensitivity of -278 rad/RIU and a detection limit of 3.6 × 10⁻⁶ RIU for the SPR interferometer.
  • Experimental validation with ethanol-water mixtures showed good agreement with theoretical predictions.
  • The measured sensitivity and detection limit were -226 rad/RIU and 4.4 × 10⁻⁶ RIU, respectively, demonstrating high precision.

Conclusions:

  • The SPR interferometer with fringe phase shift detection is a highly sensitive method for measuring refractive index changes in liquid analytes.
  • This technique shows significant potential for applications requiring precise refractive index measurements, such as chemical and biochemical sensing.
  • The developed SPR interferometer offers a robust platform for advanced analytical measurements with high sensitivity and accuracy.