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This study introduces a new method to improve precise point positioning (PPP) accuracy during severe weather by accounting for atmospheric wet delays. The approach significantly enhances positioning precision, especially for the vertical component, during rainfall events.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Geodesy
  • Atmospheric Science
  • Satellite Navigation

Background:

  • Precise Point Positioning (PPP) relies on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data for accurate positioning.
  • Tropospheric delay, particularly the wet component, is a significant error source in PPP, especially during adverse weather.
  • Existing models struggle to accurately correct for wet delays during complex atmospheric events like typhoons and heavy rainfall.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the improvement in positioning results by accounting for residual tropospheric wet delays.
  • To develop and evaluate a real-time method for detecting and mitigating atmospheric model errors in PPP.

Main Methods:

  • Applied a real-time recursive Detection, Identification, and Adaptation (DIA) procedure to identify tropospheric delay model errors.
  • Incorporated additional parameters into the functional model to compensate for identified measurement residuals.
  • Evaluated the approach using Global Positioning System (GPS) data during two distinct rainfall events in Darwin, Australia.

Main Results:

  • The compensated residual slant wet delay significantly improved PPP positioning results during rainfall events.
  • Root Mean Squared Error (RMS) for the up component improved by 72.46% and 64.41% in the two case studies.
  • Horizontal component precision improved by over 30% compared to the standard approach.
  • Identified model errors correlated with the onset of heavy rainfall, linked to spatial and temporal gradients in integrated water vapor.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed DIA method effectively detects and compensates for tropospheric wet delay errors in real-time PPP.
  • Accounting for residual wet delays leads to substantial improvements in positioning accuracy, particularly for the vertical component, during weather events.
  • The findings highlight the importance of considering atmospheric dynamics for robust GNSS-based positioning.