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Intensified Short Symptom Screening Program for Dengue Infection during Pregnancy, India.

Shilpa Naik, Matthew L Robinson, Mallika Alexander

    Emerging Infectious Diseases
    |March 19, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    An intensified screening program in India improved dengue diagnosis in pregnant women. Including conjunctivitis symptoms alongside fever and rash enhances detection of this mosquito-borne illness.

    Keywords:
    Indiadenguedengue virusinfectionmosquito-borne diseasespregnancyscreening programsymptomsvector-borne infectionsviruses

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Entomology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Mosquito-borne diseases like dengue are prevalent in India, complicating diagnosis in pregnant women.
    • Antenatal surveillance presents an opportunity for disease screening during pregnancy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate an intensified short symptom screening program for diagnosing dengue in pregnant women in India.
    • To assess the utility of specific symptoms (fever, rash, conjunctivitis) in identifying dengue cases.

    Main Methods:

    • Pregnant women were screened for mosquito-borne disease symptoms during antenatal surveillance.
    • A cohort of 5,843 women were screened; 52 were enrolled and tested for dengue, chikungunya, and Zika using RT-PCR.
    • Symptom data, including fever, rash, and conjunctivitis, were collected.

    Main Results:

    • Seven out of 49 pregnant women (14%) with complete results tested positive for dengue.
    • Among dengue-positive cases, 100% had conjunctivitis and 57% reported ocular pain.
    • Fever and conjunctivitis were key indicators in diagnosed dengue cases.

    Conclusions:

    • Intensified symptom screening, incorporating conjunctivitis, can enhance dengue detection in pregnant women.
    • This enhanced screening approach could be integrated into routine antenatal care for improved maternal and child health outcomes.