Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Urinary Bladder01:23

Urinary Bladder

2.7K
The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
2.7K
Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

999
The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
999
Physiology of Urine Formation01:24

Physiology of Urine Formation

11.0K
Urine formation is an essential function of the human body. It plays a critical role in maintaining homeostasis by regulating the volume and composition of body fluids. The kidneys, the primary organs involved in this process, filter blood to remove waste products and excess substances, ultimately producing urine.
Glomerular Filtration
The first stage in urine formation is glomerular filtration. Each kidney contains approximately 1 million nephrons, the functional units of filtration, with a...
11.0K
Physiology of the Genitourinary System III: Urine Concentration and Dilution01:20

Physiology of the Genitourinary System III: Urine Concentration and Dilution

433
The kidneys concentrate or dilute urine to maintain water and electrolyte balance. Nephrons, particularly the loop of Henle, play a crucial role in this process through the countercurrent multiplication system. This system establishes a high osmolarity in the renal medulla, which is essential for water reabsorption. In the loop of Henle’s descending limb, water is reabsorbed into the surrounding medulla due to its permeability to water. In contrast, the ascending limb actively transports...
433
The Micturition Reflex01:26

The Micturition Reflex

2.2K
Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating...
2.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Interleukin-17A mediates cardiorenal injury in oxalate nephropathy.

Cardiovascular research·2026
Same author

Multi-Layered Genomic and Clinical Analysis Identifies Novel Variants, Co-Occurring Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Pairs, and Clinical Determinants of Host-Pathogen Interaction in COVID-19 Severity.

Journal of medical virology·2026
Same author

Fecal ACE and ACE2 Activities Reflect Intestinal Shedding and Microbiota Modulation of Renin-Angiotensin System.

Biology·2026
Same author

Time-Restricted Feeding Alters Behavior in a Sex-Specific Manner in Mice With Neuropathic Pain.

Molecular nutrition & food research·2026
Same author

Comprehensive assessment of transcriptome assembly quality using CATS.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Spatial transcriptomic map of the mouse urinary bladder.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Correction: Peptine et al. Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) and Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (VRE) in Nosocomial Infections: A Systematic Review of Resistance, Pathogenesis, and Clinical Management. <i>Microorganisms</i> 2026, <i>14</i>, 428.

Microorganisms·2026
Same journal

Torque Teno Virus (TTV) Plasma Load and Immune Reconstitution in People Living with HIV: A Systematic Review.

Microorganisms·2026
Same journal

Optimizing Bacteriophage Screening and Isolation Methods for Microbial Samples Derived from Different Body Sites of Cattle.

Microorganisms·2026
Same journal

Enhanced Biphenyl Degradation by <i>Rhodococcus</i> sp. TG-1 Under Cr(VI) Stress via Modified Biochar Immobilization.

Microorganisms·2026
Same journal

In Vitro Detection of Biologically Active Staphylococcal Enterotoxins Type B and C1 as an Alternative to In Vivo Testing.

Microorganisms·2026
Same journal

Monitoring Hygiene Protocols and Exploring Alternatives to Counteract Resistant Pathogens: A Case Study from Southern Italy on Healthcare-Associated Infection Control.

Microorganisms·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Expression of Transgenes in Native Bladder Urothelium Using Adenovirus-Mediated Transduction
06:01

Expression of Transgenes in Native Bladder Urothelium Using Adenovirus-Mediated Transduction

Published on: October 6, 2022

1.7K

Microbiota Alters Urinary Bladder Weight and Gene Expression.

Blanka Roje1, Anamaria Elek2, Vinko Palada3

  • 1Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia.

Microorganisms
|March 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The gut microbiota significantly impacts urinary bladder physiology. Its absence reduces bladder weight and alters gene expression, highlighting the microbiome's crucial role in organ health.

Keywords:
germ-freemicrobiomemousetranscriptomeurinary bladder

More Related Videos

Transurethral Instillation Procedure in Adult Male Mouse
04:01

Transurethral Instillation Procedure in Adult Male Mouse

Published on: November 2, 2017

16.9K
Longitudinal Follow-Up of Urinary Tract Infections and Their Treatment in Mice using Bioluminescence Imaging
07:39

Longitudinal Follow-Up of Urinary Tract Infections and Their Treatment in Mice using Bioluminescence Imaging

Published on: June 14, 2021

3.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Expression of Transgenes in Native Bladder Urothelium Using Adenovirus-Mediated Transduction
06:01

Expression of Transgenes in Native Bladder Urothelium Using Adenovirus-Mediated Transduction

Published on: October 6, 2022

1.7K
Transurethral Instillation Procedure in Adult Male Mouse
04:01

Transurethral Instillation Procedure in Adult Male Mouse

Published on: November 2, 2017

16.9K
Longitudinal Follow-Up of Urinary Tract Infections and Their Treatment in Mice using Bioluminescence Imaging
07:39

Longitudinal Follow-Up of Urinary Tract Infections and Their Treatment in Mice using Bioluminescence Imaging

Published on: June 14, 2021

3.4K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Physiology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • The gut microbiota plays a critical role in host physiology.
  • The specific influence of microbiota on the urinary bladder remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of microbiota on urinary bladder gene expression and weight.
  • To compare germ-free (GF) and specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice to elucidate these effects.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of gene expression profiles between GF and SPF mice.
  • Measurement of urinary bladder weight in GF and SPF mice.
  • Assessment of gene expression changes following antibiotic treatment.

Main Results:

  • 97 genes showed differential expression between GF and SPF mice (FDR p < 0.01).
  • Key affected genes include those regulating circadian rhythm, extracellular matrix, and neuromuscular function.
  • Urinary bladder weight was significantly reduced by approximately 25% in GF mice and antibiotic-treated mice.
  • Microbiota absence did not alter the expression of microbial recognition genes.

Conclusions:

  • The microbiota is a significant determinant of urinary bladder physiology.
  • Microbiota influences urinary bladder gene expression and organ size.
  • These findings underscore the importance of the microbiome in maintaining bladder health.