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Circulating MicroRNAs in Plasma Decrease in Response to Sarcopenia in the Elderly.

Nana He1,2, Yue Lin Zhang3, Yue Zhang3

  • 1Department of Experimental Medical Science, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.

Frontiers in Genetics
|March 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sarcopenia, an aging-related muscle disease, is associated with decreased levels of specific circulating microRNAs (miRNAs). These miRNAs show potential as novel biomarkers for diagnosing sarcopenia in the elderly.

Keywords:
biomarkercirculating microRNAselderlyplasmasarcopenia

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Sarcopenia is an aging-related disease characterized by loss of muscle mass, strength, and function, contributing to morbidity and mortality in the elderly.
  • Current diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia lack international consensus, and reliable clinical biomarkers are yet to be identified.
  • Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as potential novel biomarkers for sarcopenia, but their specific changes in response to the condition require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the alterations in circulating miRNA levels in elderly individuals diagnosed with sarcopenia compared to non-sarcopenic controls.
  • To identify specific miRNAs that are significantly changed in sarcopenia and correlate these changes with established diagnostic indices of sarcopenia.
  • To explore the potential of circulating miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for sarcopenia in the elderly population.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 93 elderly patients with sarcopenia and 93 age- and sex-matched controls.
  • Quantification of candidate circulating miRNAs involved in angiogenesis, inflammation, and muscle/cardiac enrichment using plasma samples.
  • Correlation analysis between identified miRNA levels and sarcopenia diagnostic indicators such as appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASM/Height2), handgrip strength, and gait speed.

Main Results:

  • Plasma levels of miR-155, miR-208b, miR-222, miR-210, miR-328, and miR-499 were significantly reduced in the sarcopenia group compared to the non-sarcopenia group.
  • Sarcopenia diagnostic indices, including ASM/Height2, handgrip strength, and 4-meter velocity, were significantly lower in the sarcopenia group.
  • Specific miRNAs, such as miR-208b and miR-155, showed significant correlations with handgrip strength in women and ASM/Height2 in men, suggesting potential sex-specific associations.

Conclusions:

  • Decreased plasma levels of miR-155, miR-208b, miR-222, miR-210, miR-328, and miR-499 are associated with sarcopenia in the elderly.
  • These findings support the potential utility of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for sarcopenia.
  • Further research is warranted to fully establish the role and clinical application of these miRNAs in sarcopenia diagnosis and understanding its pathophysiology.