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P-N junction

P-N junction

A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...

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Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic–Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer

Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic–Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer

Published on: January 10, 2017

A "σ-Hole"-Containing Volatile Solid Additive Enabling 16.5% Efficiency Organic Solar Cells.

Jiehao Fu¹, Shanshan Chen², Ke Yang¹

¹Organic Semiconductor Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China.

|March 22, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A novel additive, 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (A3), enhances organic solar cell (OSC) performance through synergistic halogen interactions. This leads to improved molecular ordering, charge transport, and stability, achieving a 16.5% power conversion efficiency.

Keywords:

Energy Materials Organic Chemistry Supramolecular Chemistry

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Developing High Performance GaP/Si Heterojunction Solar Cells

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Developing High Performance GaP/Si Heterojunction Solar Cells

Developing High Performance GaP/Si Heterojunction Solar Cells

Published on: November 16, 2018

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Organic Electronics
Physical Chemistry

Background:

Organic solar cells (OSCs) are promising for renewable energy.
Improving molecular packing and charge transport is crucial for OSC efficiency.
Non-covalent interactions offer a pathway to tune material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a volatile σ-hole-containing additive for OSCs.
To investigate the effect of halogen bonding on molecular arrangement and charge dynamics.
To enhance the performance and stability of PM6:Y6 based OSCs.

Main Methods:

Incorporation of 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (A3) as an additive in PM6:Y6 active layers.
Analysis of molecular arrangement and morphology using techniques sensitive to intermolecular interactions.
Device fabrication and characterization to evaluate power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability.

Main Results:

A3 additive promotes condensed and ordered molecular arrangements via synergetic halogen interactions.
Accelerated charge transport and suppressed charge recombination were observed.
A champion PCE of 16.5% was achieved, with high efficiency maintained over a wide additive concentration range.
A3-treated devices exhibited excellent stability, retaining 15.9% efficiency after 360 hours.

Conclusions:

σ-hole interactions are effective in enhancing OSC performance.
The volatile additive A3 improves molecular ordering and charge transport in PM6:Y6 OSCs.
Non-covalent interactions play a significant role in advancing optoelectronic materials.