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A Review of Hypertension Management in Black Male Patients
Elisabeth M Sulaica1, Joshua T Wollen1, John Kotter2
1Department of Pharmacy Practice and Translational Research, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX.
Insights
Targeted interventions and pharmacist-led management significantly improve blood pressure control in Black men, a population disproportionately affected by hypertension and its complications.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Health
- Public Health
- Health Disparities
Background:
- Hypertension impacts nearly one-third of American adults, with Black men experiencing higher rates and worse outcomes.
- Black men with hypertension are less likely to achieve optimal blood pressure control compared to other demographic groups.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review literature on effective hypertension management strategies for Black men.
- To identify interventions that improve blood pressure control in this high-risk population.
Main Methods:
- A literature search was conducted for articles published between 1966 and 2018.
- Studies focusing on hypertension management in Black men were selected for relevance.
Main Results:
- Targeted identification (e.g., in barbershops), medication management, and close follow-up enhance blood pressure control.
- Pharmacist-led management using specific algorithms reduced systolic blood pressure by over 20 mm Hg in Black men.
Conclusions:
- Multifaceted strategies including community engagement and specialized medication management are crucial for improving hypertension outcomes in Black men.
- Further research is needed to develop and implement effective strategies for blood pressure control in this population.
Abstract:
Hypertension affects approximately 85 million Americans, or almost 1 in 3 adults. Black men have disproportionately higher rates of hypertension and are more likely to experience complications of hypertension, including stroke, myocardial infarction, and death. In addition, hypertensive black men are less likely to achieve optimal blood pressure (BP) than women and persons of other races. In light of this, we performed a literature search for articles published from January 1, 1966, to December 31, 2018, using terms including hypertension, blood pressure, black male, and African American male. Studies were selected for inclusion according to their relevance regarding hypertensive management in black men. Subsequent findings indicated that targeted identification (ie, barbershops), medication management, and close follow-up resulted in greater control of BP. Also, a reduction of systolic blood pressure greater than 20 mm Hg occurred with the use of pharmacists following algorithms specifically for the management of hypertension in black men. Continued emphasis to identify strategies to improve control of BP and outcomes in this population is needed.
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Monitoring Both Arms:
Monitoring BP in both arms during the initial assessment is advisable, as the systolic value may differ by five to ten mm Hg between arms. For subsequent BP assessments, use the arm with the higher reading.