Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

5.5K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.5K
Introduction to Virus01:28

Introduction to Virus

968
Viruses are unique biological entities that blur the boundary between living and non-living systems. Although they lack cellular structure and metabolic processes, they can exhibit characteristics of life when infecting a host. Their defining feature is a nucleic acid core, composed of either DNA or RNA, encapsulated within a protein coat called a capsid. This simple structure allows them to invade host cells and use their machinery for replication efficiently.Viral Structure and...
968
What are Viruses?00:50

What are Viruses?

127.1K
Overview
127.1K
Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

603
RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
603
Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

24.7K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
24.7K
Viral Mutations00:36

Viral Mutations

39.4K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
39.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pneumococcal meningitis among hospitalised children after introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in India: a sentinel hospital surveillance (2019-2022).

The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia·2026
Same author

Movement Disorders and Cerebellar Syndromes Associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection: A Systematic Review.

Movement disorders clinical practice·2026
Same author

Movement Disorders Associated With Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review.

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology·2026
Same author

The neuroimaging spectrum of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: a systematic review.

Neuroradiology·2026
Same author

Assessing fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis using nanopore sequencing: concordance with established diagnostic methods.

Infection·2026
Same author

Movement Disorders in Scrub Typhus: A Systematic Review.

Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 24, 2025

Influenza Virus Propagation in Embryonated Chicken Eggs
06:56

Influenza Virus Propagation in Embryonated Chicken Eggs

Published on: March 19, 2015

44.7K

Influenza Virus: A Brief Overview.

Tanushree Dangi1, Amita Jain1

  • 1Postgraduate Department of Microbiology, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, 226003 Uttar Pradesh India.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India. Section B
|April 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Influenza, a significant global health issue, is caused by the Orthomyxoviridae family viruses. This review covers influenza virology, epidemiology, and clinical aspects to improve understanding of its transmission and pathogenesis.

Keywords:
EpidemiologyH1N1Influenza virusPandemicPathogenesisSwine flu

More Related Videos

Purification and Visualization of Influenza A Viral Ribonucleoprotein Complexes
09:35

Purification and Visualization of Influenza A Viral Ribonucleoprotein Complexes

Published on: February 9, 2009

13.3K
Using Zebrafish Models of Human Influenza A Virus Infections to Screen Antiviral Drugs and Characterize Host Immune Cell Responses
09:07

Using Zebrafish Models of Human Influenza A Virus Infections to Screen Antiviral Drugs and Characterize Host Immune Cell Responses

Published on: January 20, 2017

10.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 24, 2025

Influenza Virus Propagation in Embryonated Chicken Eggs
06:56

Influenza Virus Propagation in Embryonated Chicken Eggs

Published on: March 19, 2015

44.7K
Purification and Visualization of Influenza A Viral Ribonucleoprotein Complexes
09:35

Purification and Visualization of Influenza A Viral Ribonucleoprotein Complexes

Published on: February 9, 2009

13.3K
Using Zebrafish Models of Human Influenza A Virus Infections to Screen Antiviral Drugs and Characterize Host Immune Cell Responses
09:07

Using Zebrafish Models of Human Influenza A Virus Infections to Screen Antiviral Drugs and Characterize Host Immune Cell Responses

Published on: January 20, 2017

10.5K

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Influenza virus (family Orthomyxoviridae) causes annual global epidemics, impacting 5-15% of the population.
  • Influenza A is the most common and severe type, with a broad reservoir in wild aquatic birds and various animal species.
  • Influenza B and C primarily infect humans, while influenza A gains pandemic potential through genetic shift and drift.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the virological, epidemiological, and clinical features of influenza.
  • To enhance understanding of influenza virus transmission and pathogenesis.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of influenza as a public health concern.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of virological aspects.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data and disease transmission.
  • Examination of clinical features and pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Influenza A exhibits extensive host diversity and pandemic potential via genetic reassortment (shift) and mutation (drift).
  • Despite extensive study, certain aspects of influenza transmission remain poorly understood.
  • The review synthesizes key information on influenza's biological and clinical characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • A thorough understanding of influenza's virology and epidemiology is crucial for effective public health strategies.
  • Further research into poorly understood transmission dynamics is warranted.
  • This review consolidates essential knowledge on influenza for researchers and clinicians.