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Ex ante coherence shifts.

Dan Simon1, Keith J Holyoak2

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Summary
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Rationalization distorts choices by making one option seem better, rather than being the inverse of rational reasoning. This coherence-based reasoning mechanism actively drives decisions and actions.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Decision Science
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Traditional views often define rationalization as the opposite of rational reasoning.
  • Psychological distinctions between rationalization and reasoning require closer examination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To challenge the notion of rationalization as merely the inverse of rational reasoning.
  • To explore the psychological mechanisms underlying decision-making and action.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of rationalization and reasoning.
  • Examination of coherence-based reasoning models.

Main Results:

  • Rationalization is not simply the inverse of rational reasoning.
  • Coherence-based reasoning demonstrates a bidirectional influence on choices.
  • Task attributes can be distorted to favor a specific course of action, creating a false sense of rationality.

Conclusions:

  • The mechanism of coherence-based reasoning actively drives choices and actions.
  • Rationalization plays a proactive role in decision-making, not just a post-hoc justification.