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Updated: Dec 23, 2025

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Large climate mitigation potential from adding trees to agricultural lands.

Melissa Chapman1, Wayne S Walker2, Susan C Cook-Patton3

  • 1Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.

Global Change Biology
|April 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Trees in agricultural landscapes store significant carbon. Integrating trees into croplands and pastures offers substantial climate mitigation potential, particularly in nations not yet prioritizing agroforestry for climate solutions.

Keywords:
agroforestrycarbon storageclimate change mitigationcroplandland usepasture land

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Climate Science
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Natural climate solutions in agricultural landscapes are gaining traction.
  • Current estimates of mitigation potential rely on coarse data for agricultural extent and carbon density.
  • Accurate assessment requires high-resolution data on tree cover and biomass within agricultural lands.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate current and potential carbon storage by trees in nonforested agricultural areas globally.
  • To assess the climate mitigation potential of integrating trees into croplands and pastures.
  • To evaluate findings within the context of national climate commitments.

Main Methods:

  • Combined 30-meter resolution global maps of aboveground woody carbon, tree cover, and cropland extent.
  • Integrated a 1 km resolution map of global pasture land.
  • Estimated mitigation potential through scenarios of tree integration and avoided loss, using region-specific biomass data.

Main Results:

  • Global croplands currently store 3.07 petagrams (Pg) of carbon (C) in aboveground woody biomass.
  • Pasture lands hold an additional 3.86 Pg C across 3.76 billion hectares.
  • Significant, largely untapped, carbon storage potential exists in trees within agricultural lands.

Conclusions:

  • Trees in agricultural landscapes represent a substantial, underutilized carbon sink.
  • Integrating trees into agricultural lands offers significant climate mitigation potential.
  • Many countries with high potential do not currently recognize agroforestry in their climate mitigation strategies.